Lathe operations: identify the purpose of the facing operation Facing is a basic turning operation performed on a lathe. Choose the correct description of what facing does to the workpiece.

Given / Concept
Facing on a lathe cleans up and squares the end of a rotating workpiece by feeding the tool radially toward the center.

Why option (d) is correct
Facing generates a flat surface that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, establishing a true reference face for length measurements and subsequent operations.

Eliminate the distractors
(a) Bevelling is a chamfering operation, not facing.(b) Diamond pattern is from knurling, not facing.(c) Reducing diameter over a narrow band is a form of turning/undercutting, not facing.

Final Answer
Machining the end face to produce a flat surface square to the spindle axis.