Achieving interchangeability of parts Which action most directly enables interchangeability in manufacturing and assembly?

Introduction / Context:
Interchangeability means any part within a batch fits any mating part without selective assembly. It is fundamental to mass production and smooth service operations.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Designs specify limits and fits for mating features.
• Processes can hold tolerances consistently.
• Quality control verifies conformance.

Concept / Approach:
Standardisation defines common dimensions, GD&T, materials, and test methods so all suppliers and lines produce parts within agreed limits. With proper tolerancing (e.g., hole-basis system), parts assemble without hand-fitting.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Set functional requirements and allocate tolerances to features.Adopt standards (e.g., ISO fits) and common tooling gages.Control processes with SPC to keep variation within tolerance.Audit suppliers and lines for capability indices meeting targets.

Verification / Alternative check:
Low assembly rework, minimal selective fitting, and high first-pass yield indicate achieved interchangeability.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Process or product planning alone helps but without standardisation of specs and tolerances, interchangeability cannot be guaranteed. Bonus plans or inspection frequency do not inherently establish common standards.

Common Pitfalls:
Overly tight tolerances increasing cost, lack of datum schemes, and inconsistent measurement systems across suppliers.

Final Answer:
Standardisation (dimensions, tolerances, and specifications)