Statement: There is an alarming increase in malaria cases in many parts of the city.\nCourses of Action:\nI. Municipal corporation should instruct government hospitals to store adequate supplies of antimalarial drugs and diagnostic kits.\nII. Municipal corporation should urge people to use mosquito repellents, eliminate breeding sites, and keep premises clean.

Introduction / Context:
A spike in malaria incidence demands both clinical readiness and vector-control measures. Effective course-of-action responses combine health-system preparation with public participation to break transmission.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Malaria cases increasing across multiple areas.
• Timely diagnosis and treatment reduce severity and mortality.
• Vector breeding in stagnant water drives spread.

Concept / Approach:
Drug and test-kit stocking (I) ensures rapid case management at facilities. Public advisories (II) reduce mosquito breeding and exposure—covering repellents, bed nets, window screens, eliminating standing water, community fogging when indicated, and timely reporting of fever.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Implement I: stock artemisinin-based combination therapies, rapid tests, IV options for severe malaria, and ensure lab capacity.2) Implement II: mass communication, source reduction drives, community volunteers, school outreach.3) Monitor hotspots with surveillance dashboards and targeted interventions.

Verification / Alternative check:
Epidemic control hinges on both treatment readiness and prevention; either without the other is insufficient.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I ignores prevention; Only II overlooks clinical readiness; Either/Neither misjudge the dual-track need.

Common Pitfalls:
Relying solely on fogging; neglecting community source reduction and timely testing.

Final Answer:
Both I and II follow.