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Word association and essential-attribute reasoning: for the prompt ‘‘desert’’, choose the option that best captures the defining characteristic from {cactus, arid, oasis, flat} for vocabulary and analogy practice.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: arid

Explanation:

Choose the option that reflects the most essential and broadly true characteristic of a desert.

  • Prompt: desert
  • Options: cactus, arid, oasis, flat

Concept/Approach
Identify the trait that is necessary and generally applicable to deserts rather than an accessory, example, or sometimes feature.
Step-by-Step evaluation
1) 'Arid' means extremely dry with low precipitation — this condition defines deserts worldwide.2) 'Cactus' occurs in many (especially American) deserts but not all (e.g., the Gobi and polar deserts lack cacti).3) 'Oasis' is a localized exception within deserts, not a defining trait.4) 'Flat' terrain is common in places but many deserts are mountainous or have dunes; therefore, not essential.
Verification/Alternative
Definition-level check: a desert is classically defined by low rainfall (aridity), not by specific flora or topography.
Common pitfalls
Confusing common examples (cactus) or occasional features (oasis, flat) with the universal defining property (aridity).
Final Answer
arid
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