HDL keypad encoding In a matrix-keypad HDL application, what does the final data signal (often presented to the system as a key code) represent?

Introduction / Context:
Matrix keypads are scanned to determine which intersection of row and column lines is closed by a pressed key. HDL logic must translate the raw scan into a compact code usable by firmware.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Columns are driven one at a time via a ring counter or sequencer.
• Rows are read as inputs to detect closures.
• A debounced, valid “data” signal is produced when a key is confirmed.

Concept / Approach:
The “data” output is typically an encoded representation of the row and column of the detected key. This may be a binary code (for example, 4 bits) or an ASCII mapping, depending on the application. Internally, the ring counter and row capture produce the raw indices; the encoder combines them.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Press each key and verify the output code matches the expected table. Use a logic analyzer to confirm correct row/column capture and timing of DAV.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Ring encoded data / ring counter data: These are intermediate scan signals, not the final key code.
• Freeze locator data: “Freeze” is a control action, not the content of the data bus.

Common Pitfalls:
Not handling multi-key presses or ghosting; failing to deassert DAV correctly, causing repeated characters.

Final Answer:
The row and column encoded data