Column splices: if two steel column segments to be spliced have equal depths, what type of splice plates are typically provided to transfer axial load?

Introduction / Context: Column splices join two column lengths in multi-storey steel frames. The detailing depends on alignment and load transfer. When depths match, direct bearing can be used to transfer compressive force efficiently through bearing plates, minimizing eccentricity and secondary stresses.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Two column sections with equal depth are to be spliced.
• Goal: provide reliable axial load transfer.

Concept / Approach: If depths differ, filler plates are used to level contact surfaces. If depths are equal, no fillers are necessary; a bearing splice is provided with milled ends and bearing plates to transfer compression, supplemented by side plates or bolts for alignment and tension or moment as required by design.

Step-by-Step Solution: Check depth equality: fillers are not needed. Provide machined bearing and bearing plates to carry axial compression. Add bolts/plates for alignment and any additional moment/shear if required.

Verification / Alternative check: Standard detailing guides show bearing splices for equal-depth columns; fillers are explicitly indicated only when depths differ across the splice level.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Filler plates only / with bearing plates: unnecessary if depths match.
• None: a proper bearing arrangement is still needed to transmit load.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming bolts alone carry compression; direct bearing is more efficient and reduces slip.

Final Answer: Bearing plates only.