Pointing towards a girl, Rajan said, "She is the daughter of my mother's daughter." How is the girl related to Rajan?

Introduction / Context:
This is a standard and fairly simple blood relation question that hinges on the phrase my mother's daughter. Misinterpreting who that daughter is leads to wrong answers, so it is important to carefully identify whether this phrase refers to the speaker or to a sister. The question then asks for the relation between the speaker and the daughter of that woman.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Rajan is the speaker.
• He points to a girl and says she is the daughter of my mother's daughter.
• My mother's daughter describes a female child of Rajan's mother.
• We assume the family is such that my mother's daughter refers to Rajan's sister or Rajan himself if he had been female.
• Rajan is commonly treated as male, so my mother's daughter is best interpreted as Rajan's sister.

Concept / Approach:
My mother's daughter is a daughter of Rajan's mother. Since Rajan is male, he is a son of his mother, not a daughter. Therefore, my mother's daughter must be Rajan's sister. The girl he points at is the daughter of this sister. The daughter of one's sister is one's niece. Hence, the girl is Rajan's niece, and Rajan is her maternal uncle.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Interpret my mother's daughter as a female child of Rajan's mother.Step 2: Because Rajan is male, he is not this daughter, so the daughter is his sister.Step 3: The girl being pointed at is the daughter of Rajan's sister.Step 4: A daughter of one's sister is one's niece.Step 5: Therefore, the girl is Rajan's niece.

Verification / Alternative check:
Imagine a simple family where Rajan's parents have two children: Rajan (a son) and a daughter. The daughter has a daughter of her own. When Rajan says my mother's daughter he refers to his sister. The girl is the child of this sister. That makes her his niece. No valid reading makes this girl Rajan's own daughter or his grandchild while still respecting the text my mother's daughter and the use of my by Rajan.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Daughter would mean that my mother's daughter is Rajan and that he has a daughter, which contradicts the gender assumption.Nephew is male and cannot refer to the girl.Uncle is a relation in the opposite direction.Granddaughter would mean that Rajan is another generation above, which is not indicated.

Common Pitfalls:
The main error is to treat my mother's daughter as the speaker themselves, ignoring gender cues and typical naming conventions. Another mistake is to forget that the question asks how the girl is related to Rajan, not how Rajan is related to the girl. Always double check both the perspective and the gender implications before choosing an answer.

Final Answer:
The girl is related to Rajan as his Niece.