In the context of Indian agriculture and economic development, the Green Revolution in India was mainly the outcome of the efforts and leadership of which agricultural scientist or expert?

Introduction / Context:

The Green Revolution refers to the period in which India significantly increased food grain production through the use of high yielding varieties, fertilisers, irrigation, and improved farming practices. This transformation helped India move from chronic shortages and dependence on food imports towards self sufficiency in cereals. The question checks basic knowledge of who is widely called the architect of the Green Revolution in India.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The topic is the Green Revolution in India.
• We are asked about the key person whose efforts led to this transformation.
• Options include four well known Indian economists and professionals, but only one is an agricultural scientist directly associated with the Green Revolution.

Concept / Approach:

To answer this question, you must match professions and contributions. Dr M S Swaminathan is a renowned agricultural scientist who worked on high yielding wheat and rice varieties and promoted policies for their spread in India. The other names are associated with banking, monetary policy, or economic advisory roles, not with the original Green Revolution research and field work.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Standard history and general knowledge books repeatedly refer to Dr M S Swaminathan as the father of the Green Revolution in India. His efforts linked research, seed distribution, and policy intervention, making him central to the movement. None of the other names is ever given that title in mainstream references.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Dr C Rangarajan is known for central banking and economic advisory roles, not for agricultural revolutions.

K V Kamath is a prominent banker and corporate leader, with no direct role in Green Revolution research.

Dr Rakesh Mohan is an economist and policy maker, again not associated with the scientific crop yield breakthrough.

Common Pitfalls:

Some candidates may recognise the other names as famous and guess incorrectly if they do not carefully remember the field of contribution. Always link major revolutions in agriculture with agricultural scientists rather than with finance or macroeconomics experts.

Final Answer:

The Green Revolution in India is mainly associated with the efforts of Dr M S Swaminathan.