In the evolution of computer technology, during which generation of computers were machine size and physical volume very large compared to later generations?

Introduction / Context:

Computer history is often divided into generations based on the main electronic components used and the overall characteristics of the machines. One important difference across generations is physical size. Early computers filled entire rooms, while modern systems fit on desks or even inside pockets. The question asks you to recall which generation had very large machine size compared with later ones.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Four generations are mentioned, from first to fourth.
• We focus on the relative size of the computers.
• Earlier generations used less compact technology than later ones.

Concept / Approach:

First generation computers used vacuum tubes as the primary switching devices. Vacuum tubes generate a lot of heat, consume significant power, and require a large amount of physical space. Second generation computers used transistors, which are smaller and more efficient. Third generation machines used integrated circuits, shrinking size further. Fourth generation systems used very large scale integration chips, producing small, powerful, and compact computers.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

You can quickly verify by thinking of photographs of early computers. They show huge cabinets, large panels of vacuum tubes, and multiple racks. These images always belong to first generation mainframes. Later office computers and personal computers are clearly much smaller, confirming the answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Second generation computers with transistors were still large but noticeably smaller and more reliable than vacuum tube systems.

Third generation computers with integrated circuits were compact enough for more practical office use.

Fourth generation computers using microprocessors introduced modern desktop and laptop sizes, which are far from very large.

Common Pitfalls:

Sometimes learners get confused between first and second generation sizes since both are much larger than modern systems. The safe rule is to link vacuum tubes with huge room sized computers and to treat this as the clear indicator of first generation size.

Final Answer:

The generation in which computers were very large in size was the first generation.