Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: ice
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:This verbal analogy item asks you to pick the single word most directly related in meaning to the prompt word. The prompt is “glacier,” which is a natural geologic feature. The goal is to choose the option that has the strongest, most essential connection to what a glacier is, not merely a loose association.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:Define the core concept precisely, then test each option against that definition. A glacier is a large, persistent mass of ice that moves slowly over land due to its own weight. While glaciers occur in mountainous regions and cold climates, those aspects are contextual; the substance of a glacier is frozen water (ice). Therefore, the option that captures the essence should be “ice.”
Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the essence of “glacier”: massive, slow-moving body of ice on land.Compare options: “mountain” describes a landform where glaciers may be found, not what they are.“winter” is a season associated with cold temperatures but does not define a glacier.“prehistory” is a time period and is not definitional here.“ice” is the material that literally makes up a glacier, matching the essence.“valley” is a landform often carved by glaciers, again contextual, not definitional.Verification / Alternative check:
Ask: If you replaced “glacier” with any option, which preserves identity? “Glacier = ice mass” is true; “glacier = mountain/winter/valley/prehistory” is false or incomplete.Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Mountain: Location context; glaciers can also exist on ice sheets.Winter: Season, not the substance or definition.Prehistory: Irrelevant category of time.Valley: A landform shaped by glaciers but not what they are.Common Pitfalls:
Choosing an associated setting (mountain, winter) instead of the defining material (ice).Final Answer:ice
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