VOCABULARY — Choose the antonym (opposite in meaning) of the highlighted word. Sentence: “Given these constraints, we have no alternative but to suggest an IMPROVISED solution.”

Introduction / Context:
“Improvised” means created on the spot with limited preparation, often as a stopgap. The antonym should convey prior planning or deliberate design.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Constraint-driven stopgap vs carefully designed plan.
• We want lexical opposition on the planning dimension.
• Options include “preplanned,” “complete,” “permanent,” and “proscribed.”

Concept / Approach:
The precise opposite of improvised is “preplanned” (planned in advance). “Complete” is about scope, “permanent” contrasts with temporary, and “proscribed” means forbidden, not planned.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Fix the axis: preparedness vs spontaneity.2) Select “preplanned” as direct antonym.3) Discard other options as orthogonal in meaning.

Verification / Alternative check:
Paraphrase: an improvised solution is ad hoc; its opposite is a preplanned or well-designed solution. The pair is standard.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
A) “a complete” — completeness is unrelated to planning.C) “a permanent” — duration, not planning.D) “a proscribed” — prohibited; unrelated.E) Not applicable, since a correct antonym exists.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing “temporary” with “improvised.” Many improvised solutions are temporary, but the core contrast is planning, not duration.

Final Answer:
a preplanned