Sikh history: Who was Guru Gobind Singh? Focus on his position among the Sikh Gurus and a key institutional reform he introduced. Choose the best description.

What is being asked?
The correct historical identity and role of Guru Gobind Singh.

Given data

• Key clue: Relation to the Khalsa and ordinal position among Gurus.

Concept/Approach
Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708) was the 10th Guru of the Sikhs and instituted the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib in 1699; he also affirmed the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru.

Common pitfalls
Confusing him with Guru Nanak (founder/first Guru) or Guru Arjan (compiled Adi Granth).

Final Answer
The tenth and last human Guru of the Sikhs; he founded the Khalsa in 1699