History of Indian Railways — the first line in India was opened to traffic in which year?

Introduction / Context:
Historical milestones are often tested in railway engineering exams. The first Indian railway line marks the beginning of organized rail transport in the subcontinent and is a key date to remember.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are identifying the launch year of the first operational railway line in India.
• Bombay (Mumbai) to Thane is the reference inaugural route.

Concept / Approach:

The first passenger train in India ran between Bombay and Thane over a distance of about 34 km. This event is widely cited as occurring in 1853, establishing the foundational date for Indian Railways’ operational history.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check (if short method exists):

Multiple authoritative histories and textbooks list 16 April 1853 as the first passenger train run in India.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

1775, 1804, 1825, and 1876 do not correspond to the Indian first-line opening; 1825 is notable for England’s Stockton–Darlington, not India.

Common Pitfalls (misconceptions, mistakes):

Confusing Indian milestones with British or other international dates; misremembering the decade.

Final Answer:

1853