Decision Support Systems (DSS): To successfully implement a DSS, which of the following organizational characteristics is the exception (i.e., least desirable or not required)?

Introduction / Context:
Decision Support Systems (DSS) succeed when organizations combine sound technology with user-centered processes. The question asks which listed characteristic is the exception—meaning the least necessary or potentially counterproductive for DSS success. This focuses on governance and change management, not just software features.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• DSS emphasizes user interaction, iterative learning, and managerial self-service.
• Organizations benefit from training, funding, and controlled data environments.
• Highly centralized, mainframe-era control may conflict with agile, user-driven DSS development.

Concept / Approach:
A DSS thrives with end-user involvement, rapid prototyping, accessible data, and flexible tools. While strong IT governance and data controls are essential, overreliance on a powerful central computer group to initiate and manage all projects can slow experimentation and reduce user ownership. Modern DSS practices encourage partnership between IT and business, not domination by a central technical authority.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Case studies show higher adoption when business users co-own DSS initiatives, and when governance supports—but does not smother—experimentation and rapid iterations.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Well-controlled data processing: essential to data quality and trust.
• Commitment of dollars/personnel: required for tools, data prep, and support.
• Education and training: critical for usage and insight generation.
• “All of the above are important”: invalid because one option is not desirable as stated.

Common Pitfalls:
Mistaking centralized control for effective governance; good governance balances standards with agility and user empowerment.

Final Answer:
powerful central computer groups to initiate and manage system projects