Statement: Should all deemed universities be de-recognised and attached to a Central or State university? Arguments: I. Yes. Many do not meet the standards of a full-fledged university, compromising education quality. II. No. Their autonomy allows innovative, industry-relevant courses free from strict controls. III. Yes. Many operate as money-making enterprises where education takes a back seat. Choose the option that best identifies the strong argument(s).

Introduction / Context:
Quality assurance in higher education weighs autonomy against accountability. Allegations of substandard quality and commercialization can justify structural changes.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Some deemed universities may not meet standards (faculty, research, infrastructure).
• Some may prioritize revenue, compromising academics.

Concept / Approach:
Arguments are strong if they evidence quality concerns or public-interest reasons for reattachment.

Step-by-Step Solution:
I: Directly addresses quality compromise, a prime reason for reorganization. Strong.II: While autonomy can spur innovation, it does not negate systemic quality lapses. As a general defence, it is weaker against widespread concerns.III: Identifies commercialization over academics—a public-interest rationale for de-recognition/attachment. Strong.

Verification / Alternative check:
Attaching to public universities can impose standards and oversight.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
“All” includes II, which is comparatively weaker; other combos misclassify.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming autonomy always ensures quality.

Final Answer:
I and III are strong