Construction joints in practice: in which types of concrete works are construction joints commonly and deliberately provided to manage placement breaks and shrinkage?

Introduction / Context:
Large pours are rarely feasible in one go. Construction joints enable staged concreting while maintaining structural integrity and crack control across diverse civil works.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We consider typical infrastructure elements—roads, walls, canals, tunnels.
• Joints are preplanned and detailed to transfer loads.

Concept / Approach:
Roads use frequent joints; retaining walls adopt horizontal and vertical joints; canals and tunnels incorporate joints to accommodate placement lengths and shrinkage. Hence, all listed applications employ construction joints when properly detailed.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify purpose: planned discontinuity with load transfer.Map purpose to each structure type.Conclude: all listed works utilize construction joints.

Verification / Alternative check:
Design and construction manuals specify detailing and spacing of joints across these works.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Each single item is true; restricting to one misses the breadth of usage.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing construction joints with expansion or contraction joints.

Final Answer:
all the above