Taxonomic naming rule: In binomial nomenclature for microbes, the scientific name consists of which two parts?

Introduction / Context:
Binomial nomenclature provides a universal, standardized way to name organisms so scientists worldwide can communicate unambiguously. This convention is central to microbiology, where many microbes can be morphologically similar yet genetically distinct.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are identifying the two components of a scientific (binomial) name.
• Standard formatting and capitalization rules apply.
• Examples include Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Concept / Approach:

A binomial name is composed of a capitalized Genus name followed by a lowercased species epithet (species name). Together, they uniquely designate an organism at a standard taxonomic resolution used in publications, databases, and clinical diagnostics.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Consult any standard microbiology or taxonomy guide: binomial = Genus + species epithet. Higher ranks (family, order, class, kingdom) are not included in the two-part name.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Kingdom and genus (A), family and class (C): incorrect taxonomic levels for binomial.

Genus and a “species modifier” (B): informal phrasing; the correct term is species epithet (or specific epithet), forming the species name with the genus.

Common Pitfalls:

Misspelling or mis-capitalizing names; omitting italics; using strain or serovar identifiers as part of the binomial when those are subordinate designations (e.g., O157:H7).

Final Answer:

Genus and species names