Who wrote the famous tragedy "Romeo and Juliet", one of the most well known love stories in world literature?

Introduction / Context:
This question checks your basic knowledge of classic English literature. "Romeo and Juliet" is one of the most famous plays in the world and is commonly studied in schools and colleges. It is a standard fact that it was written by William Shakespeare, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest dramatists in the English language.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The title given is the tragedy "Romeo and Juliet".
• The options list several major writers in English literature.
• You must identify which of these authored this specific play.

Concept / Approach:
William Shakespeare wrote numerous plays that fall into categories such as tragedies, comedies and histories. "Romeo and Juliet" is one of his early tragedies, focusing on the doomed love of two young people from feuding families. A good strategy is to know the major works of a few central authors so you can quickly match titles with their creators.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that "Romeo and Juliet" is widely promoted as a Shakespearean tragedy. Step 2: Associate the characters Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet with Shakespeare's style and the Elizabethan stage. Step 3: Look at the options. William Shakespeare is well known as a playwright, which already strongly suggests he is the correct answer. Step 4: Jane Austen, Mark Twain, Charles Dickens and Oscar Wilde are primarily novelists or writers of different forms, and none of them are credited with "Romeo and Juliet". Step 5: Therefore the only correct author for this play is William Shakespeare.

Verification / Alternative check:
You can verify this by checking any basic literature reference or syllabus list. Whenever "Romeo and Juliet" is discussed, it is always under the category of Shakespearean plays. Numerous film adaptations and theatre productions also clearly credit William Shakespeare as the author of the original play.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Jane Austen is known for novels like "Pride and Prejudice" and "Sense and Sensibility". Mark Twain wrote works such as "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn". Charles Dickens authored famous novels like "Oliver Twist" and "Great Expectations". Oscar Wilde wrote plays like "The Importance of Being Earnest", but not "Romeo and Juliet". So none of these authors match the required title.

Common Pitfalls:
Forgetting that "Romeo and Juliet" is a play and not a novel can mislead some learners into picking a famous novelist instead of a dramatist. Another pitfall is simply guessing among familiar names when you are unsure. The safest method is to link the title directly with Shakespeare by remembering that it is regularly described as a Shakespearean tragedy in textbooks and popular culture.

Final Answer:
The tragedy "Romeo and Juliet" was written by William Shakespeare.