Consider the following statements about the novels "Darkness at Noon", "The Great Gatsby" and "The Sound and the Fury": 1. The author of the novel "Darkness at Noon" is Victor LaValle. 2. The author of the novel "The Great Gatsby" is F. Scott Fitzgerald. 3. The author of the novel "The Sound and the Fury" is L. Ron Hubbard. Which of the statements given above are not correct?

Introduction / Context:
This multiple statement question checks knowledge of classic twentieth century novels and their authors. The twist is that it asks which statements are not correct, so you must identify the wrong author novel pairings. The novels listed "Darkness at Noon", "The Great Gatsby" and "The Sound and the Fury" are widely studied in world literature and often appear in competitive exam questions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Statement 1 credits "Darkness at Noon" to Victor LaValle.
• Statement 2 credits "The Great Gatsby" to F. Scott Fitzgerald.
• Statement 3 credits "The Sound and the Fury" to L. Ron Hubbard.
• We need to decide which statements are not correct.

Concept / Approach:
The correct author of "Darkness at Noon" is Arthur Koestler, not Victor LaValle. "The Great Gatsby" is indeed by F. Scott Fitzgerald, which makes that pairing correct. "The Sound and the Fury" is by William Faulkner, not L. Ron Hubbard. Using this information, we can classify each statement as correct or incorrect and then choose the option that lists all the incorrect ones.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Evaluate Statement 1. Since "Darkness at Noon" is by Arthur Koestler, the claim that Victor LaValle wrote it is incorrect, so Statement 1 is not correct. Step 2: Evaluate Statement 2. "The Great Gatsby" is a famous novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, so Statement 2 is correct. Step 3: Evaluate Statement 3. "The Sound and the Fury" is actually by William Faulkner, so naming L. Ron Hubbard as the author is incorrect. Step 4: From these checks, Statements 1 and 3 are not correct, while Statement 2 is correct. Step 5: The option that lists exactly the incorrect statements is "1 and 3".

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard literary histories and reading lists confirm this information. Arthur Koestler's "Darkness at Noon" deals with political purges in a totalitarian state. "The Great Gatsby" is the signature work of F. Scott Fitzgerald about wealth and the American Dream in the 1920s. "The Sound and the Fury" is one of William Faulkner's most studied novels, known for its complex narrative structure. None of these sources connect Victor LaValle or L. Ron Hubbard with the novels mentioned in Statements 1 and 3.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Option "1 and 2" is wrong because it labels Statement 2 as not correct, even though Fitzgerald really did write "The Great Gatsby".
• Option "2 and 3" is wrong because Statement 2 is correct, so it should not be in the list of incorrect statements.
• Option "1, 2 and 3" is wrong because it claims that all three statements are not correct, which is false due to Statement 2 being right.

Common Pitfalls:
Candidates might mix up authors when there are many names to remember. The presence of contemporary writers such as Victor LaValle and L. Ron Hubbard can distract from the fact that the novels listed are classics by earlier authors. Another pitfall is to forget that the question asks for statements that are not correct, which reverses the usual pattern and can cause careless errors if you do not read carefully.

Final Answer:
The statements that are not correct are 1 and 3, because "Darkness at Noon" was written by Arthur Koestler and "The Sound and the Fury" was written by William Faulkner, while "The Great Gatsby" really is by F. Scott Fitzgerald.