Choose the synonym/functional equivalent to complete the analogy: “Dearth : Scarcity :: Substitute : ?” Select the word that captures Substitute’s core action.

Introduction / Context:
Analogies frequently test synonymy or near-synonym relations. “Dearth : Scarcity” pairs two words with effectively the same meaning. We must mirror that relation with “Substitute,” choosing the core action that a substitute performs.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Dearth ≈ scarcity (shortage, lack).
• Substitute (verb) means to put or use in place of something else.
• The answer should be a clear, direct synonym capturing the act.

Concept / Approach:
The mapping is “word : synonym.” For the verb “substitute,” the most direct synonym among the options is “replace.” Other words are unrelated in meaning or belong to different semantic fields.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Confirm the left pair is a synonym relation.2) Identify the verb sense of “substitute.”3) Select “replace” as the closest synonymic action.

Verification / Alternative check:
Dictionaries define “substitute” (verb) as “use or add in place of.” This aligns precisely with “replace,” reinforcing the parallel with “dearth : scarcity.”

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Rumor: Unrelated noun meaning.
• Assume: Means suppose; does not capture substitution.
• Destroy: Opposite semantic domain.
• Exchange: Involves mutual giving/receiving; not the same as unilateral replacement.

Common Pitfalls:
Selecting a loosely related term such as “exchange.” Substitution does not require reciprocity; “replace” is precise.

Final Answer:
Replace