Syllogism – Universal about all students plus a particular about some students: Statements: (a) All students like excursions. (b) Some students like laboratory experiments. Conclusions: (I) Students who like laboratory experiments also like excursions. (II) Some students do not like laboratory experiments but like excursions.

Introduction / Context:
We must test what is guaranteed when every student likes excursions and at least some like lab experiments.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Students ⊆ LikeExcursions.
• Some Students ⊆ LikeLab.

Concept / Approach:
Anyone who is a student (including those who like lab experiments) necessarily likes excursions by the universal. But (II) adds “some students do not like lab experiments,” which is not guaranteed by “some like lab.”

Step-by-Step Solution:
For (I): If x is a student and likes lab, x is a student; hence x likes excursions. So (I) follows.For (II): “Some like lab” does not imply “some do not like lab.” It remains possible that all students like lab; therefore (II) is not necessary.

Verification / Alternative check:
Model with every student liking both excursions and lab: premises true; (I) true; (II) false. Since (II) can fail, it is not necessary.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
They include the non-necessary (II) or omit the necessary (I).

Common Pitfalls:
Reading “some” as “some but not all.” In logic, “some” allows “all”.

Final Answer:
Only (I) follows.