Syllogism – Two subsets of the same superset (Angels): Statements: (a) Some humane creatures are angels. (b) All doctors are angels. Conclusions: I) Some humane creatures are doctors. II) Some doctors are humane creatures.

Difficulty: Medium

Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
We have two sets both lying inside Angels. Without a statement linking them, overlap is not guaranteed.



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • ∃ Humane ∩ Angels.
  • Doctors ⊆ Angels.


Concept / Approach:
(I) requires Humane ∩ Doctors ≠ ∅; (II) requires the same intersection but stated from the other side. Neither is forced purely from both being inside Angels.



Step-by-Step Solution:
Model A: Place Humane∩Angels disjoint from Doctors within Angels. Then I and II both fail while premises hold.Because countermodels exist, neither conclusion is necessary.



Verification / Alternative check:
Venn depiction with Angels as the universe, one region for Doctors, another for Humane∩Angels, non-overlapping.



Why Other Options Are Wrong:
They presuppose overlap not warranted by the premises.



Common Pitfalls:
Inferring intersection from shared superset membership.



Final Answer:
Neither I nor II follows.

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