In this item on changing active to passive, choose the most appropriate passive version of the sentence "You might have given this information earlier".

Introduction / Context:
This question concerns the conversion of a modal perfect sentence in active voice into passive voice. The original sentence, You might have given this information earlier, expresses mild criticism or suggestion that an action could have been completed at an earlier time. In passive voice the focus is placed on this information rather than on you. The correct passive structure must keep the modal might and the perfect aspect have given, while changing the verb phrase into a passive form that preserves the sense of possibility in the past.

Given Data / Assumptions:
The sentence gives the following details.

• Original sentence: You might have given this information earlier.
• Modal plus perfect: might have given.
• Subject: you (the person who could have provided the information).
• Object: this information.
• Adverb: earlier, indicating that the action could have been done at a previous time.

Concept / Approach:
When a sentence with a modal and perfect aspect is changed into passive, the pattern is modal + have been + past participle. The object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive sentence. Here, this information becomes the new subject. The verb phrase have given must be converted to have been given, while the modal might remains unchanged. Because the criticism is general and the agent you is not important in the new focus, the passive sentence can omit the agent. The adverb earlier is preserved in its normal position near the end of the sentence.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
To verify, mentally return from the passive sentence to the active one. Starting with This information might have been given earlier, we can restore the agent you and convert have been given back to have given, getting You might have given this information earlier. This matches the original statement closely in meaning, tone, and time reference, confirming that the transformation is accurate. The sentence still implies that giving the information earlier was possible and perhaps desirable.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option B, This information could have been given earlier, uses could instead of might and slightly changes the nuance; while similar, exam questions typically expect the same modal to be preserved. Option C, This information was given much earlier, changes both the modal idea of possibility and the time reference, turning the sentence into a simple factual statement. Option D, This information might be given by you earlier, mixes present passive might be given with the adverb earlier and sounds unnatural. Option E, This information might be giving earlier, is grammatically incorrect because might be giving does not combine properly with earlier in this context. Therefore option A is the only fully correct passive version.

Common Pitfalls:
Learners often replace one modal with another without realising that exam questions usually expect the exact modal element to be carried over. Another issue is confusion between perfect and non perfect forms in passive constructions, resulting in forms like might be given instead of might have been given. When handling such items, it is helpful to memorise the pattern modal + have been + past participle for passive sentences. Always check that the sense of possibility or criticism in past time is preserved and that the resulting sentence sounds natural in standard English.

Final Answer:
The correct passive sentence is: This information might have been given earlier.