SQL classification: Which of the following is not a Data Manipulation Language (DML) command in SQL?

Introduction / Context:
SQL is commonly divided into categories: DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data Manipulation Language), DCL (Data Control Language), and TCL (Transaction Control Language). Being able to classify commands correctly is essential for permissions, auditing, and change management workflows.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• DML includes operations that manipulate rows: insert, select, update, delete.
• DDL includes operations that define schema: create, alter, drop.
• We choose the one that is not DML.

Concept / Approach:
Among the listed options, CREATE belongs to DDL because it defines schema objects (tables, views, indexes, etc.). SELECT, INSERT (not shown), UPDATE, and DELETE are core DML commands that operate on row data.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Vendor documentation and SQL reference guides consistently list CREATE under DDL, not DML.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• DELETE: DML, removes rows.
• SELECT: DML, reads rows.
• UPDATE: DML, modifies rows.
• None of the above: incorrect because CREATE is indeed non-DML.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing SELECT as non-DML because it ‘‘does not change’’ data; it is still categorized as DML in many references.

Final Answer:
CREATE