Non-suppurative complications of Streptococcus pyogenes infection Which of the following conditions are recognized non-suppurative sequelae associated with prior group A streptococcal infection?

Introduction / Context:Non-suppurative (immune-mediated) sequelae follow Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngeal or skin infections and are central to preventive strategies and diagnostic workups.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Options list three classic post-infectious syndromes linked to streptococcal disease.
• We must determine whether all are recognized associations.

Concept / Approach:

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) follows untreated streptococcal pharyngitis and involves molecular mimicry leading to carditis, arthritis, and chorea. Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) follows skin or throat infections due to immune complex deposition in glomeruli. Erythema nodosum can occur after streptococcal infection as a hypersensitivity reaction presenting with tender subcutaneous nodules.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Clinical guidelines emphasize antibiotic treatment of strep pharyngitis to prevent ARF; nephritic syndrome after impetigo/pharyngitis is well documented; erythema nodosum lists recent streptococcal infection among common triggers.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any single choice underestimates the spectrum of post-streptococcal complications.
• “None” contradicts established clinical entities.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming only ARF or only APSGN qualify; multiple immune-mediated outcomes exist after GAS infection.

Final Answer:

All of these