In world geography, which of the following countries is popularly known as the “Land of the Midnight Sun” because the Sun remains visible at midnight during part of the summer?

Introduction / Context:
Certain high latitude regions of the world experience very long days in summer and very long nights in winter. This phenomenon is linked to the Earth axial tilt and is most famously associated with the phrase Land of the Midnight Sun. Many competitive exams ask which specific country is best known by this nickname. The question tests your knowledge of high latitude geography and famous country epithets.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The term used is Land of the Midnight Sun.
• We are choosing among Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and France.
• The phrase refers to a region where the Sun can be seen even at local midnight in summer.
• We assume a basic understanding of polar day and polar night around the Arctic Circle.

Concept / Approach:
The Midnight Sun occurs in areas north of the Arctic Circle, where for several weeks in summer the Sun does not set below the horizon. Several Nordic countries extend into this zone, including Norway, Sweden, and Finland. However, in general knowledge and exam oriented geography, Norway is most famously referred to as the Land of the Midnight Sun, particularly its northern regions such as Tromso and North Cape. Denmark and France lie much farther south and do not experience true midnight sun conditions.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the definition of midnight sun, which is the continuous presence of the Sun above the horizon for 24 hours or more, occurring near the poles in summer. Step 2: Identify which of the listed countries extends above the Arctic Circle. Norway does so significantly, with many settlements in the far north. Step 3: Sweden also has territories close to or slightly beyond the Arctic Circle, but the traditional popular nickname Land of the Midnight Sun is most strongly associated with Norway in general knowledge questions. Step 4: Denmark, excluding Greenland, is at lower latitudes and does not cross the Arctic Circle, so it does not experience continuous midnight sun within mainland Denmark. Step 5: France is located in mid latitudes of western Europe and does not experience midnight sun conditions. Step 6: Therefore, the country correctly recognised as the Land of the Midnight Sun in this context is Norway.

Verification / Alternative check:
Tourism advertisements and geography textbooks often describe northern Norway as offering visitors the chance to see the midnight sun in summer and the northern lights in winter. While parts of Sweden and Finland also experience similar phenomena, exam patterns consistently use Norway as the answer to this nickname based question. This widespread usage confirms that Norway is the intended correct option for Land of the Midnight Sun in such MCQs.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Sweden: Experiences long summer days in the far north, but the specific phrase Land of the Midnight Sun is more commonly and traditionally applied to Norway in general knowledge questions.
• Denmark: The main territory lies well south of the Arctic Circle; true midnight sun does not occur there.
• France: Located in mid latitudes with normal day and night cycles; it is not associated with the midnight sun phenomenon.

Common Pitfalls:
Students sometimes get confused because several Scandinavian countries are at high latitudes. They may pick Sweden or even think of Iceland, confusing actual geography with popular nicknames. To avoid mistakes, memorise that the classic exam answer to Land of the Midnight Sun is Norway, thanks to its well known Arctic Circle tourism destinations and strong presence in geography textbooks.

Final Answer:
The country popularly known as the Land of the Midnight Sun is Norway.