In political geography of South America, what is the capital city of Peru?

Introduction / Context:
Capital cities are a fundamental part of political geography and are frequently tested in general knowledge examinations. Peru is an important country on the western side of South America, known for the Andes Mountains, the Amazon basin, and the legacy of the Inca civilisation. This question asks you to identify the correct capital city of Peru from several options, some of which are capitals of other countries or regions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The country in question is Peru, located in South America.
• We must choose the correct capital city from Sucre, Manama, Lima, and Bogota.
• Each option is a real city, but only one is the capital of Peru.
• We assume basic familiarity with world capitals.

Concept / Approach:
The capital of Peru is Lima, a coastal city on the Pacific Ocean. Sucre is one of the constitutional capitals of Bolivia, Manama is the capital of Bahrain in the Middle East, and Bogota is the capital of Colombia, a different South American country. Recognising which city is associated with which country is essential for correctly answering capital geography questions like this one.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that Peru is a Spanish speaking country on the western coast of South America and its main political and economic centre is Lima. Step 2: Recognise that Lima is located on the central coast of Peru and is well known for being both the capital city and the largest city in the country. Step 3: Identify Sucre as a major city in Bolivia, historically important, and one of its constitutional capitals, but not linked to Peru. Step 4: Note that Manama is located in the Gulf region and serves as the capital of Bahrain, which is in South West Asia, not South America. Step 5: Remember that Bogota is the capital of Colombia, another South American country located to the north of Peru. Step 6: Since only Lima corresponds to Peru, choose Lima as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
World atlas entries and basic geography references clearly state that Lima is the capital city of Peru. It functions as the political, cultural, and financial centre of the country. Meanwhile, Sucre is tied to Bolivia, Manama to Bahrain, and Bogota to Colombia. No reputable source lists any city other than Lima as the capital of Peru, reinforcing that Lima is the correct choice for this question.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Sucre: A constitutional capital of Bolivia, not of Peru.
• Manama: Capital of Bahrain in the Middle East, geographically distant from Peru.
• Bogota: Capital city of Colombia, not Peru, although both countries are in South America.

Common Pitfalls:
Some learners confuse Latin American capitals or mix up countries that share similar language and cultural backgrounds. Others may recognise the names but not remember which country they belong to. To avoid such errors, it helps to use association techniques, such as linking the phrase Lima Peru as a single unit and separately remembering Bogota Colombia and Sucre Bolivia. Regular map practice makes these matchings easier to recall in exams.

Final Answer:
The capital city of Peru is Lima.