In computer networking, the widely used acronym 'NAT' refers to a technique performed by routers and firewalls. What does 'NAT' stand for?

Introduction / Context:
'NAT' is fundamental in modern networking, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP address and improving address conservation and security. Knowing the full form is basic but crucial for understanding how home and enterprise networks operate.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Term: NAT.
• Function: Implemented on routers/firewalls for address mapping.

Concept / Approach:
NAT stands for Network Address Translation. It maps private (internal) IP addresses to public (external) IP addresses for outbound connections and can perform port translation. This enables RFC1918 address reuse and reduces public IPv4 address consumption.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Networking texts and router configuration manuals consistently define NAT as Network Address Translation, sometimes with variants like PAT (Port Address Translation).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Network Administration Tool: A generic phrase, not the expansion of NAT.
• Novell Address Transfer: Vendor-specific wording; incorrect.
• Newly Added Technology: Not a technical term.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing NAT with DHCP. DHCP assigns IP addresses within a network; NAT translates addresses between networks.

Final Answer:
Network Address Translation