Relays — Inside an electromechanical relay, which component physically moves when the coil is energized by the electromagnet?

Introduction:
Electromechanical relays convert electrical control signals into mechanical motion to open or close power circuits. Knowing the internal parts and their roles helps in selecting, wiring, and troubleshooting relays in automation and protection systems.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A standard electromagnetic relay with coil, armature, return spring, and contacts.
• Energizing the coil creates a magnetic field.
• We are identifying the mechanically moving element actuated by the field.

Concept / Approach:

When the coil is powered, magnetic flux draws a ferromagnetic lever called the armature toward the core. The armature’s motion transfers force to the contact set (moving contacts), changing their state (NO closes, NC opens). The spring returns the armature when the coil is de-energized.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Datasheets and teardown diagrams label the moving ferrous lever as the armature; contacts are stationary and moving blades but are not themselves the driving member.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• conductor: Generic; everything contains conductors but they are not the moving actuator.
• contacts: Their state changes, but they are driven by the armature.
• solenoid: A solenoid is a type of actuator; in a relay the moving piece is specifically the armature linked to the contacts.
• commutator: Part of DC machines, not relays.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing the coil (electromagnet) with the moving part; the coil is fixed.
• Assuming contacts are the primary moving component; they follow the armature.

Final Answer:

armature