Paint formulation — role of a volatile component for ease of application In architectural/industrial paints, the volatile component added primarily to make application smooth and to adjust viscosity is called:

Introduction / Context:
Paints consist of pigments (color), binders/vehicles (film-formers), solvents/thinners (volatiles), and additives. Understanding each component’s role helps in correct specification and troubleshooting issues like brush marks or orange peel.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question targets the component that is volatile and improves application smoothness.
• Conventional solvent-borne systems are considered; water acts as the “solvent” in waterborne paints.

Concept / Approach:
The solvent (or thinner) reduces viscosity for brushing, rolling, or spraying and then evaporates, leaving the binder to form a solid film that locks pigments in place. The vehicle (binder) remains on the surface; the base/body refers to pigment and extenders providing opacity and bulk.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Product technical data sheets list recommended thinner/solvent for application and cleanup, confirming its role as the volatile component.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Base (A): pigments/extenders; not primarily volatile.
• Vehicle (C): binder that stays to form the film; not a volatile.
• None of these (D): incorrect because “solvent” is the standard term.

Common Pitfalls:
Adding excessive thinner can cause runs, poor hiding, and reduced dry film thickness. Always follow manufacturer’s thinning limits.

Final Answer: