Question 1

Calendar / first working day logic: Ketan takes casual leave only on the first working day of every month. Saturdays and Sundays are weekly offs. In a 30-day month, the first working day was Tuesday. On which day will his next month’s casual leave f…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We are to shift the calendar from one month to the next, respecting the 7-day cycle and identifying the next month’s first working day (non-Sat/Sun).Given Data / Assumptions:This month has 30 days.This month’s first working day is Tuesday (hence the 1st is Tuesday and is a working day).Sat/Sun are off; all other weekdays are working.Concept / Approach:Day-of-week advances by (month_length mod 7). For a 30-day month, the next month’s 1st is 2 weekdays ahead of this month’s 1st.Step-by-Step Solution:This month’s 1st: Tuesday.30 ≡ 2 (mod 7) ⇒ next month’s 1st = Tuesday + 2 = Thursday.Thursday is a working day ⇒ Ketan’s leave is Thursday.Verification / Alternative check:Enumerate: Tue(1st), …, the following month’s 1st indeed lands on Thu with a 30-day shift.Why Other Options Are Wrong:They correspond to incorrect mod-7 shift or assume weekends interfere (they do not, since Thu is not a weekend).Common Pitfalls:Forgetting that only the first day’s weekday matters; weekend filtering applies only if the first lands on Sat/Sun.Final Answer:Thursday

Question 2

Calendar / early vs late arrival: Anil reached a place on Friday and learned he was 3 days earlier than scheduled. If he had reached on the following Sunday instead, how many days late/early would that be relative to the scheduled day?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We compare actual/alternate arrival dates to a fixed scheduled day, counting signed differences.Given Data / Assumptions:Actual arrival: Friday.He is 3 days earlier than scheduled.Alternate thought: arriving the following Sunday.Concept / Approach:If Friday is 3 days early, then Scheduled = Friday + 3 = Monday. Compare Sunday to Monday.Step-by-Step Solution:Scheduled day = Monday.Following Sunday vs Monday = 1 day earlier.Verification / Alternative check:Timeline: Fri (actual, -3), Sat (-2), Sun (-1), Mon (0). Hence Sunday is one day before scheduled.Why Other Options Are Wrong:They miscount the offset or reverse early/late orientation.Common Pitfalls:Counting inclusively instead of true day gaps.Final Answer:One day earlier

Question 3

Calendar / relative days: If the day before yesterday was Sunday, what day will it be three days after the day after tomorrow?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Classic relative-day arithmetic: translate the anchor into “today,” then walk forward.Given Data / Assumptions:Day before yesterday = Sunday ⇒ Today = Tuesday.Concept / Approach:Compute day after tomorrow (Today + 2), then add 3 more days.Step-by-Step Solution:Today = Tuesday.Day after tomorrow = Thursday.Three days after that = Sunday.Verification / Alternative check:Sequence: Tue → Thu (after tomorrow) → Fri (+1) → Sat (+2) → Sun (+3).Why Other Options Are Wrong:Each corresponds to a misstep in the offset chain.Common Pitfalls:Forgetting that “day after tomorrow” already moves two days forward before adding three more.Final Answer:Sunday

Question 4

Calendar / early vs late arrival (variant): Arriving on Friday, I am two days earlier than the scheduled day. If I had arrived on the following Wednesday, how many days late would I have been?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Again we compare two arrival dates to a fixed schedule day.Given Data / Assumptions:Arrived Friday = 2 days early.Scheduled = Friday + 2 = Sunday.Hypothetical arrival: following Wednesday.Concept / Approach:Compute the gap from scheduled Sunday to Wednesday.Step-by-Step Solution:Scheduled: Sunday.Sunday → Wednesday = +3 days ⇒ 3 days late.Verification / Alternative check:Count: Mon (+1), Tue (+2), Wed (+3).Why Other Options Are Wrong:They reflect under/over-counting.Final Answer:Three days

Question 5

Calendar / month-end day from mid-month anchor: “Tomorrow is Friday, and the 15th of June is three days after tomorrow.” On what day does the last day (30th) of June fall?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We determine the weekday for the 30th given the weekday for the 15th.Given Data / Assumptions:Tomorrow is Friday.15th June is three days after tomorrow ⇒ 15th June is Monday.June has 30 days.Concept / Approach:From the 15th (Monday) to the 30th is 15 days. A 14-day shift preserves weekday, then add 1 day.Step-by-Step Solution:15th = Monday.30th = Monday + 15 days = Tuesday.Verification / Alternative check:Counting two weeks (14 days) lands again on Monday; +1 day ⇒ Tuesday.Why Other Options Are Wrong:They ignore the 15-day offset from mid-month.Final Answer:Tuesday

Question 6

Calendar / relative days (quick): “The day before yesterday was Sunday.” What will be the day after tomorrow?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Translate the anchor to “today,” then move forward by two days.Given Data / Assumptions:Day before yesterday = Sunday ⇒ Today = Tuesday.Concept / Approach:Day after tomorrow = Today + 2.Step-by-Step Solution:Today = Tuesday.Day after tomorrow = Thursday.Final Answer:Thursday

Question 7

Calendar / reverse and forward offsets: If three days after today will be Tuesday, what day was four days before yesterday?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We solve for “today” first, then move backward from “yesterday.”Given Data / Assumptions:Today + 3 = Tuesday ⇒ Today = Saturday.Concept / Approach:Yesterday = Friday; four days before that is Monday.Step-by-Step Solution:Today = Saturday.Yesterday = Friday.Four days before Friday = Monday.Final Answer:Monday

Question 8

Calendar / mixed offsets: If three days before yesterday was Wednesday, what day will it be two days after tomorrow?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Compute “today” from the backward clue, then advance.Given Data / Assumptions:Let Yesterday = Y. Y - 3 = Wednesday ⇒ Y = Saturday ⇒ Today = Sunday.Concept / Approach:Two days after tomorrow = Today + 3.Step-by-Step Solution:Today = Sunday.Tomorrow = Monday; two days after that = Wednesday.Final Answer:Wednesday

Question 9

Calendar / same weekday next week: Day after tomorrow is Kiran’s birthday. On the same weekday next week falls Shivratri. Today is Monday. What is the weekday after Shivratri?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Identify the weekday of the “day after tomorrow,” then add 7 days for “same day next week,” then +1 day.Given Data / Assumptions:Today = Monday ⇒ Day after tomorrow = Wednesday.Concept / Approach:Shivratri: next Wednesday; the day after is Thursday.Step-by-Step Solution:Today Monday → Day after tomorrow Wednesday.Same day next week = next Wednesday.Day after that = Thursday.Final Answer:Thursday

Question 10

Calendar / relative location of Sunday: If the day before yesterday was Thursday, when will Sunday be (relative to today)?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Find today and then locate Sunday.Given Data / Assumptions:Day before yesterday = Thursday ⇒ Today = Saturday.Concept / Approach:From Saturday, Sunday is the next day.Final Answer:Tomorrow

Question 11

Calendar / chained offsets: If the day before yesterday was Friday, what day will it be two days after the day after tomorrow?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Compute today, then move forward by 3 days total.Given Data / Assumptions:Day before yesterday = Friday ⇒ Today = Sunday.Concept / Approach:Day after tomorrow = Tuesday; two more days ⇒ Thursday.Final Answer:Thursday

Question 12

Calendar arithmetic with ages: Ann is 300 days older than Varun, and Sandeep is 50 weeks (350 days) older than Ann. If Sandeep was born on a Tuesday, on which weekday was Varun born?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We convert age gaps to a net day offset between Sandeep and Varun, then apply mod-7 weekday arithmetic.Given Data / Assumptions:Ann − Varun = 300 days.Sandeep − Ann = 350 days (50 weeks).Hence Sandeep − Varun = 650 days.Sandeep’s weekday = Tuesday.Concept / Approach:Varun is 650 days younger ⇒ move forward 650 days from Tuesday. Since 650 ≡ 6 (mod 7), we advance by 6 weekdays.Step-by-Step Solution:650 mod 7 = 6.Tuesday + 6 = Monday.Verification / Alternative check:Equivalently, moving backward 6 days from Tuesday gives Wednesday; but because Varun is younger, we move forward 6, landing on Monday.Why Other Options Are Wrong:They correspond to incorrect mod 7 or wrong direction on the timeline.Common Pitfalls:Using 650 ≡ 1 (mod 7) by mistake, or subtracting instead of adding.Final Answer:Monday

Question 13

Calendar / within-month weekday: If the 3rd day of a month is Tuesday, which weekday is the 25th day of that month?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Within a month, weekdays advance by the date difference mod 7.Given Data / Assumptions:3rd = Tuesday; need 25th.Concept / Approach:25 − 3 = 22; 22 ≡ 1 (mod 7). Move one weekday ahead of Tuesday.Step-by-Step Solution:22 mod 7 = 1.Tuesday + 1 = Wednesday.Final Answer:Wednesday

Question 14

Calendar / fixed dates within same year: Payal’s birthday is 25th June and it fell on a Wednesday. In the same year, on which weekday did Pooja’s birthday (15th August) fall?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We find the weekday shift from 25 June to 15 August in the same year.Given Data / Assumptions:25 June = Wednesday; July has 31 days; June has 30 days; August target date is the 15th.Concept / Approach:Compute day offset: June 25 → August 15 equals 51 days (5 days to June 30, 31 days of July, and 15 days of August minus 0 because we start counting from June 25 to Aug 15 exclusive of the start day).Step-by-Step Solution:Total offset = 51; 51 mod 7 = 2.Wednesday + 2 = Friday.Verification / Alternative check:Break the path: 25 Jun → 25 Jul = 30 days (≡ 2), then +21 days to 15 Aug (≡ 0), net ≡ 2.Final Answer:Friday

Question 15

Ranks by gender composition: In a class of 60, girls are twice the number of boys. Kamal is 17th from the top, with 9 girls ahead of him. How many boys are ranked after Kamal?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:We combine overall gender counts with position data to compute how many boys trail Kamal.Given Data / Assumptions:Total = 60; girls are twice boys ⇒ boys = 20, girls = 40.Kamal ranks 17th from top.There are 9 girls ahead of Kamal.Kamal is a boy (typical assumption for this named context).Concept / Approach:Among the 16 ahead of Kamal, boys_ahead = 16 − 9 = 7. Then boys_after = total_boys − boys_ahead − 1 (subtract Kamal himself).Step-by-Step Solution:Total boys = 20; boys ahead of Kamal = 7.Boys after Kamal = 20 − 7 − 1 = 12.Verification / Alternative check:Sanity: boys not ahead or Kamal himself must be behind, and 12 is consistent.Why Other Options Are Wrong:They arise from forgetting to subtract Kamal or miscounting boys among those ahead.Common Pitfalls:Assuming “girls twice boys” means “boys twice girls”; mixing total vs. ahead subsets.Final Answer:12

Question 16

Calendar reasoning – Mohini went to the movies exactly nine days ago. She goes to the movies only on Thursdays. Based on this information, what day of the week is it today?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Questions about days of the week often test your ability to translate a verbal description into a precise offset on a 7-day cycle. Here, the key is that Mohini goes to the movies only on Thursdays and she last went “nine days ago.” We must map “nine days ago” onto the weekly cycle to infer today's day.Given Data / Assumptions:Mohini goes to the movies only on Thursday.She went to the movies exactly 9 days ago.Weekdays repeat every 7 days (mod 7 arithmetic).Concept / Approach:The weekday d days ago is obtained by moving d steps backward on a 7-day cycle. Equivalently, moving forward by d days changes the weekday by d mod 7. Since movie day is Thursday, “9 days ago” being a movie day means 9 days ago was Thursday. Add 9 days to get today: 9 mod 7 = 2, so today is two days after Thursday.Step-by-Step Solution:Step 1: Identify movie day = Thursday.Step 2: “Nine days ago” was the last visit; therefore, nine days ago = Thursday.Step 3: Compute 9 mod 7 = 2.Step 4: Move two days forward from Thursday: Thursday → Friday → Saturday.Step 5: Therefore, today is Saturday.Verification / Alternative check:Count explicitly backward from today (unknown) by 9 to land on Thursday. If today were Saturday, going back 9 days lands on Thursday (Saturday → Friday (1), Thursday (2), Wednesday (3), Tuesday (4), Monday (5), Sunday (6), Saturday (7), Friday (8), Thursday (9)). This confirms the result.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Thursday: Would imply zero or multiples of seven days difference, not nine.Sunday: Two days after Friday, not after Thursday; mismatch.Tuesday: Five days after Thursday; not equal to 9 mod 7 = 2.None of these: There is a matching option (Saturday), so this is incorrect.Common Pitfalls:Forgetting to reduce by mod 7; counting 9 days as “1 week and 1 day” but then adding in the wrong direction; assuming “only Thursday” implies some other constraint. Always reduce offsets modulo 7 and move in the correct direction.Final Answer:Saturday

Question 17

Digit arrangement – Swap positions (1↔6, 2↔7, 3↔8, 4↔9, 5↔10) in the 10-digit string 5904627813. After this paired swap, which digit is fourth from the right end?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This problem tests careful indexing and stable, pairwise swaps. We take the 10-digit sequence 5904627813 and swap positions in fixed pairs: (1↔6), (2↔7), (3↔8), (4↔9), (5↔10). Then we must read the fourth digit from the right of the resulting string.Given Data / Assumptions:Original string (left→right positions 1..10): 5 9 0 4 6 2 7 8 1 3Swaps: (1,6), (2,7), (3,8), (4,9), (5,10).After swaps, read the 4th digit from the right (i.e., position 7 from the left).Concept / Approach:Perform the swaps carefully without cascading errors (treat swaps as simultaneous or track in a copy). After the final arrangement, identify the 4th from right. Alternatively, compute that “4th from right” equals index 10−4+1 = 7 from the left.Step-by-Step Solution:Write indices: 1:5, 2:9, 3:0, 4:4, 5:6, 6:2, 7:7, 8:8, 9:1, 10:3.Swap (1,6): positions 1↔6 → 2 at pos1, 5 at pos6.Swap (2,7): positions 2↔7 → 7 at pos2, 9 at pos7.Swap (3,8): positions 3↔8 → 8 at pos3, 0 at pos8.Swap (4,9): positions 4↔9 → 1 at pos4, 4 at pos9.Swap (5,10): positions 5↔10 → 3 at pos5, 6 at pos10.Final sequence (1..10): 2 7 8 1 3 5 9 0 4 6.Fourth from right = index 7 from left = digit 9.Verification / Alternative check:Count from the right: (1)6, (2)4, (3)0, (4)9 → same result.Why Other Options Are Wrong:4, 1, 0: Appear in the final string but not at the 4th-from-right position.None of these: There is a correct listed option (9).Common Pitfalls:Applying swaps in-place in a way that uses already-swapped values; miscounting “4th from right”; or indexing from zero. Work with a copied array or treat swaps as simultaneous.Final Answer:9

Question 18

Ordering heights – Four dolls M, N, O, and P have different heights. P is neither as tall as M nor as short as O. Also, N is shorter than P but taller than O. If Anvi wants the tallest doll, which one should she buy?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Classic ordering problems present pairwise comparisons. We must use “neither as tall as M nor as short as O” and the relationships involving N to deduce the full order and identify the tallest.Given Data / Assumptions:P is not as tall as M (so P < M).P is not as short as O (so P > O).N is shorter than P but taller than O (so O < N < P).All heights are distinct.Concept / Approach:Chain the inequalities. From O < N < P and P < M, we get O < N < P < M. The tallest is the maximum in this chain.Step-by-Step Solution:From “P is not as tall as M,” deduce P < M.From “P is not as short as O,” deduce O < P.From “N shorter than P but taller than O,” deduce O < N < P.Combine to get O < N < P < M.Hence, M is the tallest.Verification / Alternative check:Try to make P tallest: impossible because P < M. Try to make N tallest: impossible because N < P. So only M can be tallest.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Either M or P / Either P or N / Only P: All contradict the strict chain O < N < P < M.None of these: There is a correct specific option (“Only M”).Common Pitfalls:Interpreting “neither as tall as M nor as short as O” as “between M and O” but forgetting the separate constraint on N. Always write inequalities explicitly.Final Answer:Only M

Question 19

Office workflow timeline – Abhay submitted a ration card application to the clerk on Monday afternoon. Tuesday was a holiday. The clerk cleared the papers on the next working day upon resuming duty. The senior clerk checked it on the same day but fo…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This is a timeline sequencing problem. We turn the narrative into day-by-day steps, applying the holiday constraint and the “next working day / subsequent day” phrasing precisely.Given Data / Assumptions:Submission: Monday afternoon.Tuesday: holiday (no processing).Clerk clears on next working day = Wednesday.Senior clerk checks the same day (Wednesday) but forwards to head clerk on next day.Head clerk decides on the subsequent day after receiving.Concept / Approach:Lay out a mini-calendar and advance one step at a time, respecting “holiday → skip,” then “same day,” “next day,” and “subsequent day.”Step-by-Step Solution:Mon: Application submitted.Tue: Holiday (no work).Wed: Clerk clears; senior clerk checks the same day.Thu: Senior clerk forwards to head clerk.Fri: Head clerk disposes the case.Verification / Alternative check:If any step slid by one day, the “subsequent day” decision would shift to Saturday, which contradicts the minimal interpretation of “next working day” given only Tuesday is a holiday.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Wednesday: That is the day of checking, not forwarding.Friday/Saturday: Friday is the decision day; Saturday not implied.None of these: Thursday is valid.Common Pitfalls:Confusing “same day” vs “next day,” or letting the Tuesday holiday shift both events by two days instead of one. Map each sentence to a calendar row.Final Answer:Thursday

Question 20

Class ranks and pass–fail count – Malay is 13th from the front and 17th from the end in his class. Among students who passed, he is 8th from the front and 13th from the end. How many students failed?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question combines whole-class rank with rank within a subset (the pass list). We convert “kth from front” and “mth from end” into totals using the standard identity: total = front + end − 1. Then we subtract to find failures.Given Data / Assumptions:Overall class ranks: 13th from front, 17th from end.Pass-list ranks: 8th from front, 13th from end.All ranks are consistent and unique.Concept / Approach:For any line of N people, if a person is a from the front and b from the back, then N = a + b − 1. Apply this to the full class to get class size T, and to the pass list to get P. Then failures F = T − P.Step-by-Step Solution:Compute total class T: T = 13 + 17 − 1 = 29.Compute passed count P: P = 8 + 13 − 1 = 20.Compute failed F = T − P = 29 − 20 = 9.Verification / Alternative check:Visualize the full class of 29 with pass marks on 20 positions; Malay is in both counts consistently. The arithmetic identity ensures correctness.Why Other Options Are Wrong:7, 8: Underestimate failures; contradict arithmetic.Cannot be determined: The totals are uniquely determined by the given ranks.10: Overestimates failures; also contradicts arithmetic.Common Pitfalls:Forgetting to subtract 1 in the identity; mixing class and pass ranks; or assuming overlapping ambiguity. The identity T = front + end − 1 resolves the totals directly.Final Answer:9

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