Question 1

Birthday inference from overlapping memory windows: Meena correctly remembers that her father's birthday falls after 18 May but before 22 May (i.e., one of 19, 20, or 21). Her brother correctly remembers that their father's birthday is before 24 May…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Many ranking and date-overlap problems in verbal reasoning ask you to combine two incomplete but correct memories to pinpoint a single day. The key skill is to translate each statement into a precise set of candidate dates and then take the intersection. This mirrors set-intersection logic used in data filtering and calendar constraints. Given Data / Assumptions: Meena: “after 18 May but before 22 May” ⇒ {19, 20, 21}. Brother: “before 24 May but after 20 May” ⇒ {21, 22, 23}. All dates are in May of the same year; no leap-year or calendar irregularities matter. Concept / Approach: The approach is set intersection. Convert each natural-language window into a closed or open range. Then take the overlap (common elements). If that overlap is a single date, the answer is definite; if multiple, the answer is “Cannot be determined.” Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Meena ⇒ {19, 20, 21}.Step 2: Brother ⇒ {21, 22, 23}.Step 3: Intersection ⇒ {21}.Step 4: Since only one date remains, the birthday is uniquely determined. Verification / Alternative check: If the brother’s window had been “on or after 21 May and on or before 23 May,” the set would remain {21, 22, 23} and the intersection would still be {21}. Any slight widening that includes 20 or narrows to remove 21 would change the conclusion; here it does not. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 19th May: Not in the brother’s set. 20th May: Not in the brother’s set. 18th May: Excluded by Meena’s “after 18 May.” Cannot be determined: The intersection is a single date, so we can determine it. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting that “after” and “before” are strict (exclude the endpoints). Including 18 or 22 by mistake changes the sets and leads to wrong intersections. Always write the candidate sets explicitly before intersecting. Final Answer: 21st May

Question 2

Relative-day reasoning with offsets: Satish read a book on Sunday. Sudha read the same book one day prior to Anil but four days after Satish. On which day did Anil read the book?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem tests chained day-offset reasoning. You translate narrative constraints into numeric day shifts relative to an anchor day, then resolve the target day. Such questions strengthen timeline tracking and relative sequencing skills. Given Data / Assumptions: Satish read on Sunday. Sudha read four days after Satish. Sudha read one day prior to Anil (i.e., Sudha = Anil - 1 day). Concept / Approach: Map each constraint to a day-of-week movement. Use modular arithmetic on the seven-day cycle or simply count forward, then apply the “one day prior” relation backward to get Anil’s day. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Satish = Sunday.Step 2: Sudha = Sunday + 4 days ⇒ Thursday.Step 3: Sudha is one day before Anil ⇒ Anil = Thursday + 1 ⇒ Friday. Verification / Alternative check: Counting from Sunday: Mon(1), Tue(2), Wed(3), Thu(4). Then Anil is the next day, Friday. No wrap-around needed here; still consistent if you start from any weekly calendar. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Thursday: That is Sudha’s day, not Anil’s. Tuesday/Saturday/Wednesday: Do not satisfy both the “+4 from Sunday” and “-1 from Anil” constraints simultaneously. Common Pitfalls: Miscounting offset days (e.g., mistakenly adding 3 instead of 4). Also mixing up “one day prior to Anil” (Sudha before Anil) vs. “one day after Anil.” Final Answer: Friday

Question 3

Intersecting birthday windows in February: Sameer remembers his brother's birthday is after the 15th but before the 18th of February (i.e., 16th or 17th). His sister Kanika remembers it is after the 16th but before the 19th (i.e., 17th or 18th). On …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We combine two strict ranges to isolate a single calendar date. This trains careful parsing of “after/before” phrasing (strict inequalities) versus “on or after/on or before” (inclusive inequalities). Given Data / Assumptions: Sameer: after 15th and before 18th ⇒ {16, 17}. Kanika: after 16th and before 19th ⇒ {17, 18}. All dates refer to the same February. Concept / Approach: Translate each memory into a set; take the intersection. Strict “after/before” excludes endpoints. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From Sameer ⇒ {16, 17}.Step 2: From Kanika ⇒ {17, 18}.Step 3: Intersection ⇒ {17}.Step 4: Therefore the birthday is 17th February. Verification / Alternative check: If either statement were inclusive at a boundary (e.g., “on or after 15th”), the intersection might increase or shift; here, the strict language narrows to a unique value. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16th/18th: Each conflicts with one of the two strict windows. 15th: Explicitly excluded by “after 15th.” none of these: We do have a valid date, 17th. Common Pitfalls: Including 15 or 18 due to misreading “after/before” as inclusive. Always list candidates explicitly. Final Answer: 17th February

Question 4

Narrowing a January birthday using overlapping memories: Samant remembers his brother's birthday is after the 16th but before the 20th of January (i.e., 17th–19th). His sister remembers it is after the 17th but before the 19th (i.e., only 18th). On …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a precise intersection of two strict ranges on dates. The aim is to reduce a range of three possibilities to one by applying a tighter second constraint. Given Data / Assumptions: Samant: after 16th and before 20th ⇒ {17, 18, 19}. Sister: after 17th and before 19th ⇒ {18}. All dates are in January of the same year. Concept / Approach: Translate verbal statements into sets and intersect them. Strict “after/before” excludes endpoints. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From Samant ⇒ {17, 18, 19}.Step 2: From Sister ⇒ {18}.Step 3: Intersection ⇒ {18}.Step 4: Unique result implies a definite answer. Verification / Alternative check: Any misread (e.g., including 17 in the sister's set) would change the intersection; the strict phrasing prevents that. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 17th/19th/16th/20th: Each violates one of the two strict windows. Common Pitfalls: Misinterpreting “before” as inclusive or forgetting that 20th is excluded. Final Answer: 18th

Question 5

Constraining an April birthday with two correct memories: Pratap remembers that his mother's birthday is after 19 April but before 23 April (i.e., 20th–22nd). His sister remembers that the birthday is not on or after 22 April (i.e., at most 21st). W…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Some overlap problems do not resolve to a single date; instead, they leave a short list. Recognizing when data are insufficient for uniqueness is as important as calculating a specific result. This question highlights that skill. Given Data / Assumptions: Pratap: after 19 and before 23 ⇒ {20, 21, 22}. Sister: “not on or after 22” ⇒ { …, 21 } i.e., in the candidate range, ≤ 21. All dates in April of the same year. Concept / Approach: We again form sets and intersect them. Because the sister statement is limiting but not pinpointing, the result may be a two-element set. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From Pratap ⇒ {20, 21, 22}.Step 2: From Sister ⇒ {… up to 21}. Within Pratap’s window, that yields {20, 21}.Step 3: Intersection ⇒ {20, 21} (two possibilities remain). Verification / Alternative check: If the sister had said “before 22” (strict) rather than “not on or after 22,” the effect is the same here—22 is excluded. A further clue would be required to choose between 20 and 21. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 22nd: Excluded by sister’s statement. Single-point answers (only 20th or only 21st) claim certainty that we do not possess. “Cannot be determined”: Too weak—although we cannot pick one date, we can narrow to two. Common Pitfalls: Treating “not on or after 22” as “before or equal to 22” (it is the opposite), or assuming inclusivity of forbidden endpoints. Final Answer: 20th or 21st

Question 6

June birthday with tight overlap: Rajat remembers his mother's birthday is not after 18 June (i.e., ≤ 18). His sister remembers it is before 20 June but after 17 June (i.e., only 18). On which date was the birthday?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is another set-intersection task but with one clue explicitly capping the latest possible date. Combining a “not after” cap with a tight two-day window can yield a single value. Given Data / Assumptions: Rajat: “not after 18 June” ⇒ {… , 18}. Within plausible days, {17, 18} might both be possible from this statement alone. Sister: “before 20 but after 17” ⇒ {18, 19}. Concept / Approach: Intersect Rajat’s cap with the sister’s two-day window. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Rajat cap ⇒ ≤ 18.Step 2: Sister ⇒ {18, 19}.Step 3: Intersection ⇒ {18}. Verification / Alternative check: Even if you misread “not after 18” as “on or before 18,” the conclusion stays {18} once intersected with {18, 19}. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 17th: Excluded by sister’s “after 17.” 19th: Excluded by Rajat’s “not after 18.” “17th or 18th”: Overstates uncertainty; data narrow it to only 18th. Common Pitfalls: Confusing “not after” with “after not,” or swapping inclusivity of endpoints. Final Answer: 18th

Question 7

January birthday via overlapping strict ranges: Mohan remembers his father's birthday is before 20 January but after 16 January (i.e., 17–19). His sister remembers it is after 18 January but before 23 January (i.e., 19–22). What is the definite date?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Standard overlapping-window problem that reduces to a single date by intersection of two ranges. Given Data / Assumptions: Mohan: 17–19 (after 16, before 20). Sister: 19–22 (after 18, before 23). Concept / Approach: Intersect the two sets. Step-by-Step Solution: Set 1 ⇒ {17, 18, 19}.Set 2 ⇒ {19, 20, 21, 22}.Intersection ⇒ {19}. Verification / Alternative check: Any misread that included 20 in Mohan’s set would still intersect at {19,20}; the sister’s “after 18” excludes 18 and forces the lower bound high enough that only 19 survives. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 17th/18th: Excluded by the sister’s window. 20th: Excluded by Mohan’s “before 20.” Data inadequate: Intersection is a single date, so data are adequate. Common Pitfalls: Accidentally reading “before” as inclusive or mixing months. Final Answer: 19th

Question 8

Row positions after swapping: In a row of boys, Rajan is 10th from the right and Suraj is 10th from the left. After Rajan and Suraj interchange their positions, Suraj becomes 27th from the left. What is Rajan's position from the right after the swap?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a classic rank-and-position problem. You relate “from left” and “from right” positions via the total count, then apply a swap to infer the new ranks. The trick is to deduce the total number of boys first. Given Data / Assumptions: Rajan is 10th from the right initially. Suraj is 10th from the left initially. After swapping places, Suraj becomes 27th from the left. Concept / Approach: For a line of length n, if a person is r-th from the right, their rank from left is n - r + 1. Swapping exchanges seats (positions), so post-swap ranks equal the partner’s original seat coordinates. Step-by-Step Solution: Let n be the number of boys.Rajan from right = 10 ⇒ Rajan from left = n - 10 + 1 = n - 9.After the swap, Suraj sits at Rajan’s old seat and is 27th from the left.So n - 9 = 27 ⇒ n = 36.Rajan now sits at Suraj’s old seat (10th from the left). His new rank from the right = n - 10 + 1 = 36 - 10 + 1 = 27. Verification / Alternative check: List left ranks for both initially: Suraj 10th; Rajan (from left) = 27th. Swap them: they simply exchange these left ranks (10 ↔ 27). Then convert Rajan’s new left rank (10) into right rank: 27. Consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 26th/25th/29th/10th: Do not match the computed n = 36 and the conversion formula. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting the +1 in the conversion (n - left + 1 or n - right + 1), or assuming n = 35 by mistake. Final Answer: 27th

Question 9

Finding original position from left in an odd-length row: There are 25 boys in a horizontal row. Rahul is shifted 3 places to his right and then occupies the middle position of the row. What was Rahul's original position from the left end?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Middle-position questions rely on recognizing that in a row of 25, the middle is the 13th position from either end. Shifts then let you back-calculate the original rank. Given Data / Assumptions: Total boys = 25. After moving 3 places to the right, Rahul sits at the middle position. Concept / Approach: Middle index for odd N is (N + 1) / 2 = 13. If final = original + 3 (to the right), then original = final - 3. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Middle of 25 ⇒ 13th.Step 2: Original position = 13 - 3 = 10. Verification / Alternative check: Simulate: If Rahul starts at 10th from the left, moving three right lands him at 13th. Correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 12th/15th/16th/13th: Do not produce 13th after a +3 shift. Common Pitfalls: Thinking the center of 25 is 12th or 12.5th; always use (N+1)/2 for odd N. Final Answer: 10th

Question 10

Digit-rearrangement difference: Arrange the digits of 92581473 in ascending order to form a new number. What is the difference between the digit that is fourth from the right and the digit that is third from the left in this new arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Ordering digits and picking positional values is a staple reasoning task. Here, you form a strictly ascending sequence, then index from different ends and compute a numeric difference. Given Data / Assumptions: Original digits: 9, 2, 5, 8, 1, 4, 7, 3. New arrangement: ascending order. Positions requested: 4th from right, 3rd from left. Concept / Approach: Ascending order for the digits yields a unique sequence. Convert “k-th from right” to an index from the left if helpful (for an 8-digit number, 4th from right = 5th from left). Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Sort digits ⇒ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9.Step 2: 4th from right ⇒ position 8 - 4 + 1 = 5th from left ⇒ digit 5.Step 3: 3rd from left ⇒ digit 3.Step 4: Difference ⇒ 5 - 3 = 2. Verification / Alternative check: Visual scan from the right: rightmost digits are 9(1st), 8(2nd), 7(3rd), 5(4th) ⇒ still 5. Third from left remains 3. Why Other Options Are Wrong: One/Three/Four/Zero: Not equal to 2; arise from index miscounts. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting that “from right” reverses the direction; mis-sorting (placing 7 before 5), or missing that there are eight digits. Final Answer: Two

Question 11

Height ordering with partial comparisons: Mukesh is taller than Suresh but shorter than Rakesh. Rakesh is taller than Harish but shorter than Amar. Who is the shortest?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Height-ranking questions require building partial order chains. Sometimes the data are sufficient to determine extremes; other times, uncertainty remains. Recognizing insufficiency is a key reasoning skill. Given Data / Assumptions: Mukesh > Suresh. Mukesh < Rakesh. Rakesh > Harish. Rakesh < Amar. No direct comparison between Suresh and Harish, or between Amar and others except via Rakesh. Concept / Approach: Construct a chain that is consistent: Amar > Rakesh > Mukesh > Suresh and Rakesh > Harish. The unknown link is between Suresh and Harish; either could be shorter. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: From “Rakesh is taller than Harish but shorter than Amar,” build Amar > Rakesh > Harish.Step 2: From “Mukesh taller than Suresh but shorter than Rakesh,” insert ⇒ Rakesh > Mukesh > Suresh.Step 3: Combine chains: Amar > Rakesh > (Mukesh, Harish in some order) > Suresh OR Amar > Rakesh > Mukesh > Suresh and also Rakesh > Harish; relative order of Harish vs. Suresh unresolved. Verification / Alternative check: Try two consistent placements: (a) Harish taller than Suresh ⇒ Suresh shortest; (b) Suresh taller than Harish ⇒ Harish shortest. Both satisfy the given constraints, proving non-uniqueness. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Picking Mukesh/Harish/Suresh outright assumes an ordering not supported by data. Common Pitfalls: Forcing a total order when only partial comparisons are given. Always check if multiple arrangements fit. Final Answer: Cannot be determined

Question 12

Tallest person from chained comparisons: Roshan is taller than Hardik, who is shorter than Sushil. Niza is taller than Harry but shorter than Hardik. Sushil is shorter than Roshan. Who is the tallest?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We are to deduce the tallest individual by chaining inequalities. Given Data / Assumptions: Roshan > Hardik. Hardik < Sushil ⇒ Sushil > Hardik. Niza > Harry and Niza < Hardik ⇒ Hardik > Niza > Harry. Sushil < Roshan ⇒ Roshan > Sushil. Concept / Approach: Combine to form a chain with Roshan at the top if both Roshan > Sushil and Sushil > Hardik are true. Step-by-Step Solution: From Sushil > Hardik and Roshan > Sushil, get Roshan > Sushil > Hardik.Given Hardik > Niza > Harry, append to the chain: Roshan > Sushil > Hardik > Niza > Harry.Thus the tallest is Roshan. Verification / Alternative check: No statement contradicts Roshan being above Sushil; rather it explicitly places Roshan above. Therefore, no one can exceed Roshan in the order. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Sushil: Below Roshan. Hardik/Niza/Harry: Each is explicitly below someone else who is below Roshan. Common Pitfalls: Reversing the direction of a comparison or overlooking the “Sushil is shorter than Roshan” constraint. Final Answer: Roshan

Question 13

Determine the tallest among five with mixed comparisons: Among five boys, Vasant is taller than Manohar but shorter than Raju. Jayant is taller than Dutta but shorter than Manohar. Who is the tallest?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We stack inequalities to identify the maximum. The statements create a clear chain leading to a unique tallest person. Given Data / Assumptions: Vasant < Raju and Vasant > Manohar ⇒ Raju > Vasant > Manohar. Jayant > Dutta and Jayant < Manohar ⇒ Manohar > Jayant > Dutta. Concept / Approach: Merge the two chains. Since Raju is above Vasant, who is above Manohar, and Manohar is above Jayant and Dutta, Raju ends up at the top. Step-by-Step Solution: From chain 1: Raju > Vasant > Manohar.From chain 2: Manohar > Jayant > Dutta.Merged: Raju > Vasant > Manohar > Jayant > Dutta. Verification / Alternative check: No statement gives anyone above Raju. Therefore the tallest is uniquely determined. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Manohar/Vasant/Jayant: Each is below someone else in the merged chain. Cannot be determined: We can determine; data are sufficient. Common Pitfalls: Reversing a comparison or misplacing Vasant relative to Manohar. Final Answer: Raju

Question 14

Five student participated in the scholarship examination. Sudha scored higher than Puja. Kavita scored lower than Suma but higher than Sudha. Mamta scored between Puja and Sudha. Who scored lowest in the examination?

Accepted Answer

From the given condition, Sudha scored higher than Puja. Sudha > Puja Kavita scored lower than Suma but higher than Sudha. Kavita < Suma But Kavita > Sudha Therefore Suma > Kavita > Sudha > Puja Mamta scored between Puja and Sudha. Then Suma > Kavita > Sudha > Mamta > Puja data is arranged as Suma > Kavita > Sudha > Mamta > Puja Hence, Puja scored lowest in the examination.

Question 15

Among Anil, Bibek, Charu, Debu and Eswar, Eswer is taller than Debu but not as fat as Debu. Charu is taller than Anil but shorter than Bibek. Anil is fatter than Debu but not as fat as Bibekk. Eswer is thinner than Anil. Who is the thinnest person?

Accepted Answer

According to given information as per height, Eswer is taller than Debu. E > D Charu is taller than Anil but shorter than Bibek C > A But C < B Arrangement of heights in descending order Bibek > Charu > Anil > Eswer > Debu Arrangement of weights in descending order Eswer is taller than Debu but not as fat as Debu. 1. D > E (Debu is fatter than Eswer) Anil is fatter than Debu but not as fat as Bibek. 2. A > D But B > A Eswer is thinner than Anil. 3. E < A From 1 and 3 4. A or D > E from 2 and 4 , 5. B > A > D > E Bibek > Anil > Debu > Charu > Eswer

Question 16

Gita is older than her cousin Mita, Mita's brother Bhanu is older than Gita. When Mita and Bhanu are visiting Gita, all three like to play a game of Monopoly. Mita wins more often than Gita does. Which of the following can be concluded from the abov…

Accepted Answer

According to question, Gita is older than her cousin Mita. 1. G > M Mita's brother Bhanu is older than Gita. 2. B > G From 1 and 2, B > G > M Gita >Mita ; Bhanu > Gita ∴ Bhanu > Gita > Mita When Mita and Bhanu are visiting Gita, all three like to play a game of Monopoly. Mita wins more often than Gita does.

Question 17

Which of the following could be the ranking from first place to sixth place of students?

Accepted Answer

Try All option one by one. Out of all the given options, only the ranking given in (d) satisfies the given conditions. B - 12000 A won less money than B) A - 10000 E - 8000 D - 6000 C - 4000 and the difference between winning of C and F was ₹ 2000. F - 2000 and the difference between winning of D and F was at least ₹ 4000.

Question 18

If A won ₹ 4000, how much in total did C and F win?

Accepted Answer

If A won ₹ 4000, then the only possible ranking is C- 12000, F - 10000 E - 8000, B- 6000 A - 4000, D - 2000 The total of C and F = 12000 + 1000 = 22000

Question 19

Examine the following statements I. Rama scored more than Rani. II. Rani scored less than Ratna. III. Ratna Scored more than Rama. IV. Padma scored more than Rama but less than Ratna. Who scored the highest?

Accepted Answer

According to the question, Rama > Rani, Rani < Ratna, Ratna > Rama and Ratna > Padma > Rama On arranging the above data, we get ∴ Ratna > Padma > Rama > Rani So, Ratna scored the highest.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is definitely correct?

Accepted Answer

According to the question, Sunita is taller than Seema and Renu. 1. Sunita > Seema/Renu. Renu is shorter than Radha and Gauri 2. Renu < Radha/Gauri. Bina is taller than Radha. 3. Bina > Radha. Bina shorter than Sunita. 4. Bina < Sunita. Sunita is not the tallest and Renu is not the shortest. 5. Sunita (not tallest) 6. Renu (not Shortest) On arranging the above data, we get from 3 and 4, 7. Sunita > Bina > Radha from 7 and 1, 8. Sunita > Bina > Radha > Renu/Seema. from 8 , 5 and 6. ? Gauri > Sunita > Bina > Radha > Renu > Seema. Bina occupies the third position from the top

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