Logical Deduction Questions

• Syllogism with negatives: 'All poles are guns' and 'Some boats are not poles' — determine which conclusions necessarily follow (All guns are boats; Some boats are not guns)
• Set–subset reasoning with quantifiers: 'Many scooters are trucks' and 'All trucks are trains' — identify which conclusion is logically valid (Some scooters are trains; No truck is a scooter)
• Syllogism with an individual instance: 'Some papers are pens' and 'Angle is a paper' — determine whether it necessarily follows that Angle is (or is not) a pen
• Category logic with subset and particular statement: from 'All birds are tall' and 'Some tall are hens', decide which conclusions are compelled (Some birds are hens; Some hens are tall)
• Logical reasoning – syllogism with two premises: ‘‘Some papers are pens’’ and ‘‘Some pencils are pens’’ – determine which conclusions logically follow about overlaps among pens, pencils, and papers.
• Syllogism with quantifiers – from ‘‘Some men are educated’’ and ‘‘Educated persons prefer small families’’ decide which conclusions follow about men who prefer small families.
• Deductive reasoning from a universal statement – ‘‘All educated people read newspapers’’ and an individual case ‘‘Rahul does not read newspaper’’ – determine which conclusions follow.
• Syllogism with two universals sharing a common superset – ‘‘All pens are chalks’’ and ‘‘All chairs are chalks’’ – decide which conclusions about overlaps follow.
• Statement–conclusion test with a one–way condition: ‘‘Bureaucrats marry only intelligent girls’’ and a specific person (Tanya) who is intelligent – determine which conclusion is justified.
• Syllogism set-membership: from ‘‘Some engineers are fools’’ and ‘‘Anand is an engineer’’ decide which conclusions about class overlap and the individual follow.
• Two-premise categorical logic: ‘‘All windows are doors’’ and ‘‘No door is wall’’ – determine whether the derived negatives about windows and walls follow.
• Reasoning with ‘‘most’’ and ‘‘some’’ quantifiers: given ‘‘Most teachers are boys’’ and ‘‘Some boys are students,’’ identify which conclusions are logically certain.
• Simple categorical deduction: from ‘‘No man is a donkey’’ and ‘‘Rahul is a man’’ determine which conclusions regarding Rahul and men in general logically follow.
• Syllogism with a particular and a universal negative: ‘‘Some books are pens’’ and ‘‘No pen is pencil’’ – decide which universal/particular conclusions about books and pencils follow.
• Syllogism reasoning with two premises: ‘‘All men are married’’ and ‘‘Some men are educated’’ — determine which logical conclusions about the overlap between married persons and educated persons necessarily follow.
• Set inclusion puzzle: ‘‘All tubes are handles’’ and ‘‘All cups are handles’’ — decide whether it logically follows that all cups are tubes and whether some handles are not cups.
• Categorical logic with a universal negative and a universal affirmative: from ‘‘No magazine is cap’’ and ‘‘All caps are cameras’’ decide whether any statement about cameras and magazines is compelled.
• Two step inclusion chain: ‘‘All huts are mansions’’ and ‘‘All mansions are temples’’ — determine which particular conclusions about temples containing huts and mansions necessarily hold.
• Intersecting particulars problem: given ‘‘Some books are tables’’ and ‘‘Some tables are mirrors’’ decide whether mirrors overlap books or whether books and mirrors are disjoint.
• Contrived universe test: with ‘‘All trucks fly’’ and ‘‘Some scooters fly’’ evaluate whether it follows that all trucks are scooters or that some scooters do not fly.