Question 1

English Grammar — Error Spotting (Subject–Verb Agreement with Measurements) Identify the part that contains a grammatical error. If there is no error, choose 'No error'.  Full sentence: Ten kilometres are a long distance.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question tests subject–verb agreement when a measurement or amount is treated as a single unit. In such cases, singular verb agreement is required.Given Data / Assumptions:Sentence: "Ten kilometres are a long distance."Measurement phrase acts as a singular quantity.Concept / Approach:When a number + unit denotes a single distance, time, or amount, it is considered singular: "Ten kilometres is..." Similarly, "Five minutes is a short wait."Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the head concept: a distance as a single unit.2) Apply singular agreement: choose "is" not "are".3) Therefore, part B is erroneous.Verification / Alternative check:Corrected: "Ten kilometres is a long distance." This aligns with standard grammar references for measures and amounts.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Correct noun phrase indicating the measure.C: Article "a" is appropriate before "long distance."D: Noun complement is fine.E: Not applicable since B contains the error.Common Pitfalls:Learners often match the verb to the plural form of the unit ("kilometres") rather than to the conceptual singular measure. Always check whether the phrase denotes a single amount.Final Answer:are

Question 2

English Grammar — Error Spotting (Prepositions with 'introduce') Identify the part that contains a grammatical error. If there is no error, choose 'No error'.  Full sentence: Rajdeep always introduces himself by his first name and never mentions his…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The focus here is prepositional choice with "introduce." The usual and idiomatic phrasing is "introduce oneself with one's first name" or simply "introduce oneself as X." Using "by" can sound unnatural or ambiguous in this context.Given Data / Assumptions:Sentence: "Rajdeep always introduces himself by his first name and never mentions his family name."We must locate the fragment that is non-idiomatic.Concept / Approach:With "introduce," preferred collocations are "introduce (oneself) as ..." or "introduce (oneself) with (one's) first name." The phrase "by his" after "introduces himself" is not standard in this sense.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Examine the verb + preposition pairing in B.2) Replace "by" with "with" or use "as": "introduces himself with his first name" / "introduces himself as Rajdeep."3) Other parts are acceptable.4) Conclude B is the error.Verification / Alternative check:Corrected: "Rajdeep always introduces himself with his first name and never mentions his family name." This is idiomatic.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Grammatically fine subject and verb.C: Completes the coordinated predicate correctly.D: Noun phrase "his family name" is fine.E: Not valid because B is wrong.Common Pitfalls:Literal translation from other languages may default to "by" for method/instrument; English idiom varies by verb, so collocations must be learned case-by-case.Final Answer:himself by his

Question 3

English Grammar — Error Spotting (Parallelism with 'not only ... but also ...') Identify the part that contains a grammatical error. If there is no error, choose 'No error'.  Full sentence: We have helped them not only with money but also with new m…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item evaluates parallelism with the correlative pair "not only ... but also ..." When the preposition appears before "not only," it should be repeated before the "but also" half to maintain parallel structure, which is satisfied here.Given Data / Assumptions:Sentence: "We have helped them not only with money but also with new machinery and raw material."Check for balanced, parallel complements after the correlative pair.Concept / Approach:Parallelism requires symmetrical grammatical forms on both sides of "not only ... but also ...". The sentence uses "with" before both complements, satisfying the requirement. Coordination "new machinery and raw material" is also balanced.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify correlative structure: "not only ... but also ...".2) Verify repetition of the preposition "with" on both sides.3) Confirm coordinated noun phrase "new machinery and raw material" is grammatical.4) Conclude that there is no grammatical error.Verification / Alternative check:Alternative correct versions include omitting "with" before "not only" and keeping it only before "but also" is less ideal; best practice is symmetry as in the given sentence. Therefore, the original is acceptable.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–D: Each fragment is grammatically sound and part of a correct parallel structure.E: Correct because there is indeed no error.Common Pitfalls:Writers sometimes omit the repeated preposition or mix forms (e.g., "not only with money but also providing machinery"), breaking parallelism. Keep the same grammatical form on both sides.Final Answer:No error.

Question 4

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Rosy herself wash B) all the clothes and C) never gives them D) to the laundry.

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This error-spotting item tests subject–verb agreement in simple present tense, as well as the correct placement of an emphatic reflexive pronoun such as "herself".Given Data / Assumptions:Subject: "Rosy" (third-person singular).Verb phrase in A: "herself wash".Coordinated predicate continues in parts B–D to complete the meaning.Standard rule: third-person singular in simple present takes the base verb + s/es.Concept / Approach:In simple present, third-person singular subjects require an –s form ("washes"). The reflexive "herself" is acceptable for emphasis ("Rosy herself washes…") but does not change agreement requirements. Therefore, the error lies in part A, where "wash" should be "washes".Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify subject: "Rosy" → third-person singular.2) Apply agreement rule: use "washes" not "wash".3) Keep emphasis: "Rosy herself washes…".4) Check remaining parts: "never gives them to the laundry" is grammatical and idiomatic.Verification / Alternative check:Paraphrase: "Rosy herself washes all the clothes and never gives them to the laundry." This reads naturally and follows agreement rules.Why Other Options Are Wrong:B: Correct object phrase introducing "all the clothes".C: "never gives them" agrees with an implied subject and is idiomatic.D: "to the laundry" is a correct prepositional complement.Common Pitfalls:Learners may think the emphatic "herself" licenses base-form verbs. It does not; agreement rules remain unchanged.Final Answer:A (Write: "Rosy herself washes")

Question 5

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Generally, people have not receptive B) and fail to notice the C) irrelevant answers …

Accepted Answer

Introduction:The sentence tests adjective complementation and the correct choice of linking verb with predicate adjectives. The phrase "have not receptive" is ungrammatical because "receptive" is an adjective and must be linked to the subject with "be", not "have".Given Data / Assumptions:Modifier "Generally" frames a general truth.Target phrase: "people have not receptive".Predicate adjective: "receptive".The rest of the sentence (B–D) forms a coherent clause about failing to notice irrelevant answers.Concept / Approach:Adjectives that describe a subject’s state take the copular verb "be": "people are not receptive". Using "have" would require a noun complement ("have no receptivity") or a direct object. Therefore, part A should read "Generally, people are not receptive".Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify word class: "receptive" → adjective.2) Choose correct link verb: "are", not "have".3) Correct fragment: "Generally, people are not receptive".4) Confirm remaining parts: B–D are fine and logically continue the idea.Verification / Alternative check:Alternative noun-based version: "Generally, people have low receptivity…"—also grammatical, but it changes diction. The intended structure is adjectival.Why Other Options Are Wrong:B: Proper coordination.C: Noun phrase "irrelevant answers" is correct.D: Prepositional phrase "for straight questions" is idiomatic.Common Pitfalls:Confusing "have" + object with "be" + adjective. Many state descriptions require "be".Final Answer:A (Replace "have" with "are")

Question 6

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Pramod said that B) he prefers a white shirt C) to coloured one D) on any festival oc…

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This question checks article usage with countable singular nouns inside a comparative preference structure ("prefer X to Y"). The error is the missing article before "coloured one".Given Data / Assumptions:Main reporting clause: "Pramod said that…".Habitual preference in present: "he prefers".Contrast pair: "a white shirt" vs "a coloured one".Time/occasion adverbial: "on any festival occasion".Concept / Approach:When contrasting singular countables with "one", an article is required to mirror the first noun phrase: "a coloured one". Therefore, "to coloured one" is ungrammatical. Tense sequence is acceptable because "said" + "prefers" represents a general truth reported from the speaker’s perspective.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify contrasted NPs: "a white shirt" vs "coloured one".2) Insert needed article: "a coloured one".3) Keep "prefer X to Y" structure intact.4) The rest of the sentence needs no change.Verification / Alternative check:Variant: "…he prefers white shirts to coloured ones on festival occasions." Number agreement then requires "shirts/ones".Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Reporting verb is fine.B: Correct present simple expressing habitual preference.D: Acceptable adverbial phrase, though "on festivals" is more idiomatic.Common Pitfalls:Forgetting to repeat the article before "one/ones" when contrasting singular items.Final Answer:C (Write: "to a coloured one")

Question 7

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) A high level meeting B) of officials is reporting C) to have discussed D) the issue i…

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This sentence tests the correct use of passive reporting structures common in news English: "is reported to have + past participle".Given Data / Assumptions:Subject NP: "A high level meeting of officials".Target form intended: passive report.Complement: "to have discussed the issue in great detail".Concept / Approach:In journalistic style, we say "X is reported to have done Y" to avoid assigning a specific reporter. Using "is reporting" incorrectly makes the subject ("meeting") the active reporter, which is illogical. The correct passive is "is reported". Hyphenation of "high-level" is a stylistic improvement but not the tested error.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Recognize reporting construction.2) Choose passive: "is reported", not "is reporting".3) Keep perfect infinitive "to have discussed" to indicate the action happened earlier.4) Full correction: "A high-level meeting of officials is reported to have discussed the issue in great detail."Verification / Alternative check:Alternative active: "Reporters say that a high-level meeting of officials discussed the issue in great detail." Meaning matches.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Noun phrase acceptable; hyphen is optional in many tests.C: "to have discussed" correctly marks prior action.D: Idiomatic prepositional phrase.Common Pitfalls:Confusing "is reporting" (progressive active) with "is reported" (passive).Final Answer:B (Replace with "is reported")

Question 8

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Whatever work B) that which you undertake C) put your best D) efforts in it.

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This item examines relative clause construction and redundancy. The phrase "that which" duplicates relativizers and should be simplified to either "that" or "which".Given Data / Assumptions:Head noun: "work".Relative clause currently reads "that which you undertake".Imperative main clause: "put your best efforts in it".Concept / Approach:Standard English avoids stacking "that" and "which" together when they serve the same function. The correct forms are "whatever work you undertake" or "work that you undertake". Therefore, part B is erroneous due to redundancy.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the determiner: "Whatever work" is acceptable as a free relative determiner.2) Remove redundancy: use "you undertake" directly after "whatever work".3) Result: "Whatever work you undertake, put your best efforts in it."4) Optional style tweak: "Put your best efforts into it" (prefer "into" with effort).Verification / Alternative check:Another correct version: "For any work that you undertake, put your best efforts into it."Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: "Whatever work" is fine.C–D: Imperative phrasing is acceptable; preposition choice can vary ("in/into").Common Pitfalls:Overusing both "that" and "which" together because both feel formal; only one is needed.Final Answer:B (Delete "that which" → "whatever work you undertake")

Question 9

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) I personally feel that B) cleanliness in the city C) is one proof of the D) efficient…

Accepted Answer

Introduction:The focus here is adjective vs adverb choice and correct noun modification. "Efficiently" is an adverb; before a noun, we need the adjective "efficient".Given Data / Assumptions:Opinion clause: "I personally feel that…".Abstract subject: "cleanliness in the city".Linking verb phrase: "is one proof of the…".Target noun phrase: "… civic administration".Concept / Approach:Attributive modifiers of nouns are adjectives, not adverbs. Therefore, "efficiently civic administration" is wrong. The correct phrase is "efficient civic administration" or "efficiently run civic administration" (adverb + participle + noun). The simplest correction is to change "efficiently" to "efficient".Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify modifier type needed: adjective before "civic administration".2) Replace "efficiently" → "efficient".3) Optional style: also tighten C to "is proof of" instead of "is one proof of the", but that is stylistic.4) Correct sentence: "I personally feel that cleanliness in the city is proof of efficient civic administration."Verification / Alternative check:Alternative: "…is one proof of an efficiently run civic administration." Both are grammatical; the first is simpler.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically acceptable; only D contains the part-of-speech error.Common Pitfalls:Using adverbs where adjectives are required before nouns.Final Answer:D (Write: "efficient civic administration")

Question 10

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) If you cannot B) sympathy with the poor, C) how will you be D) able todo social work?

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This sentence examines verb–noun choice after modals and the correct preposition with related forms. The intended meaning is "If you cannot sympathize with the poor…".Given Data / Assumptions:Modal "cannot" requires a base-form verb.Given phrase in B uses a noun: "sympathy".Target collocations: "sympathize with" (verb + with) or "have/show sympathy for" (noun + for).Minor spacing issue in D ("todo") is treated as a typographical artifact, not the tested grammar error.Concept / Approach:After "cannot", we need a verb: "sympathize". If we keep the noun "sympathy", the correct preposition is "for", and we would need "have/show": "have sympathy for". Thus, part B is incorrect as written.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Choose verb form after modal: "sympathize".2) Keep correct preposition: "sympathize with".3) Full correction: "If you cannot sympathize with the poor, how will you be able to do social work?"4) Also insert missing space in D ("to do").Verification / Alternative check:Noun option: "If you have no sympathy for the poor, …" is also grammatical but changes the structure.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Correct conditional opener.C: Interrogative auxiliary placement is correct.D: Aside from spacing, the modal construction "be able to do" is fine.Common Pitfalls:Mixing noun and verb patterns: "sympathy with" is not idiomatic; use "sympathize with" or "sympathy for".Final Answer:B (Write: "sympathize with the poor")

Question 11

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) While going B) through the report C) yesterday I find D) several factual mistakes.

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This item targets tense consistency. The time marker "yesterday" requires a past-tense verb ("found"), not present simple ("find").Given Data / Assumptions:Temporal adverbial: "yesterday".Matrix verb in C: "find" (present simple).Non-finite opener "While going through the report" is fine.Concept / Approach:English tense must match time reference. Completed actions in the past typically take simple past. Therefore, "yesterday I find" is wrong; it should be "yesterday I found".Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify time reference: "yesterday".2) Select correct tense: simple past.3) Correct verb: "found".4) Full correction: "While going through the report yesterday, I found several factual mistakes."Verification / Alternative check:Past progressive variant: "While I was going through the report yesterday, I found…". Both are acceptable.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–B: The introductory participial phrase is grammatical.D: Object NP is fine.Common Pitfalls:Maintaining present tense after a clear past-time marker.Final Answer:C (Write: "yesterday I found")

Question 12

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) The majority of the B) computer professionals recommends C) that effective measures D…

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This question checks subject–verb agreement with a quantifying expression "the majority of + plural noun". The verb should agree with the noun after "of" when that noun is plural and refers to individuals.Given Data / Assumptions:Headed by quantifier: "The majority of the …".Post-modifier NP: "computer professionals" (plural, countable).Verb currently: "recommends" (third-person singular).Concept / Approach:When "majority of + plural NP" means "most people in that group", agreement is plural: "recommend". Singular agreement is used when "the majority" is treated as a unit (e.g., statistics). Given the human agents "professionals" who recommend actions, plural agreement is appropriate here.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify notional agreement: plural individuals.2) Change verb to plural: "recommend".3) Keep the that-clause: "that effective measures should be taken…".4) Correct version: "The majority of the computer professionals recommend that effective measures should be taken against software piracy."Verification / Alternative check:Even more concise: "…recommend taking effective measures…" but that changes structure; grammar is not in error.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Quantifier phrase is fine.C–D: Subordinate clause is grammatical and idiomatic.Common Pitfalls:Treating "majority" as automatically singular regardless of the following NP. Context dictates agreement.Final Answer:B (Write: "computer professionals recommend")

Question 13

Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical error in the sentence below. If there is no error, choose option E (No error).  Sentence (split into parts): A) The photograph will give B) the reader a far better C) notion of the structure D) tha…

Accepted Answer

Introduction:This sentence is a comparison using "better … than …" and functions as a complete, grammatical statement. The task is to confirm that no segment (A–D) contains an error.Given Data / Assumptions:Future simple construction: "will give".Indirect object and direct object placement: "give the reader a … notion".Comparative phrase: "a far better … than …".Noun complements: "notion of the structure" vs "any verbal description".Concept / Approach:Word order and case assignment are correct: "give [indirect object] [direct object]" is standard. "Far better" is an acceptable intensifier for the comparative. The prepositional complement "of the structure" properly specifies the notion's content. The comparative clause "than any verbal description" is idiomatic and completes the comparison.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Check verb and auxiliaries: "will give" is correct for prediction.2) Confirm object order: "the reader" (IO) before "a far better notion" (DO) → standard.3) Validate comparative: "far better … than …" is idiomatic.4) Ensure complements are well-formed: "notion of the structure" is grammatical.Verification / Alternative check:Paraphrase: "A photograph conveys the structure much better than words can." Meaning remains; grammar in the original is sound.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–D: Each part is grammatically correct; no change is required.Common Pitfalls:Mistaking stylistic preferences (e.g., "a clearer idea") for grammatical errors. The sentence is entirely acceptable as given.Final Answer:E (No error)

Question 14

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) One of the most effective B) solutions is that C) she should work on Sunday D) and complete the assig…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question tests the idiomatic completion of a predicate after a singular head subject, and whether a finite “that-clause” or a non-finite “for + pronoun + to-infinitive” structure is preferable. Many competitive exams target the common error “is that she should …” where the idiomatic and concise construction is “is for her to …”.Given Data / Assumptions:Subject head: “One” (singular) from the phrase “One of the most effective solutions”.Predicate in B–D currently reads: “is that she should work on Sunday and complete the assignment”.Intended meaning: recommending the best course of action for “her”.Concept / Approach:When recommending or prescribing an action, English typically favors the “for + objective pronoun + to-infinitive” structure after a linking verb: “The best solution is for her to work …”. A “that-clause” is not always wrong, but here it is wordy and unidiomatic for a recommendation. Exams therefore flag “is that” as the error trigger in this context.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the copular predicate after the singular head “One … is …”.2) Inspect complement choice: “that she should work …” (finite clause) vs “for her to work …” (non-finite, idiomatic for advice/plan).3) Prefer idiomatic structure: “One of the most effective solutions is for her to work on Sunday and complete the assignment.”4) Therefore, the erroneous portion is B: “solutions is that”.Verification / Alternative check:Paraphrase with other nouns of recommendation: “The best way is for her to …”, “The ideal plan is for her to …”. Each naturally uses “for + pronoun + to-infinitive”.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Correct introductory segment of a partitive NP.C: “she should work on Sunday” is fine once the complement type is fixed.D: Parallel verb “complete” aligns with “work”.Common Pitfalls:Assuming any “that-clause” is acceptable after “is …”; ignoring idiomatic preference in prescriptive statements; overlooking the head noun “One” for agreement.Final Answer:Option B

Question 15

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) On resuming his duty, B) he asked his Superiors C) that whether he would be D) permitted to leave ear…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item checks complementizer usage with reporting verbs like “ask”. English uses either a “that-clause” or an interrogative “whether/if-clause”, but not both simultaneously. Doubling them creates a faulty construction.Given Data / Assumptions:Main reporting verb: “asked”.Complement in C begins with “that whether …”.Intended meaning: he requested to know if permission would be granted.Concept / Approach:With “ask”, use “whether/if” without “that”: “He asked whether he would be permitted …”. The sequence “that whether” is ungrammatical because English does not stack complementizers this way in standard usage.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the clause marker(s) introducing the content of “asked”.2) Remove “that” and keep the interrogative complementizer: “whether”.3) Correct clause: “he asked his superiors whether he would be permitted to leave early”.4) Therefore, the error resides in C.Verification / Alternative check:Try parallel patterns: “asked whether/if …”, “said that …”. Mixing these leads to obvious awkwardness (“said whether that …”).Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Absolute/participial opener is fine.B: Reporting frame is acceptable (capitalization of “Superiors” is stylistic).D: Passive complement is idiomatic.Common Pitfalls:Stacking complementizers; translating directly from languages that allow “that whether” sequences.Final Answer:Option C

Question 16

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) Very few employees B) in our company are C) so dedicated as D) Mahesh will.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The sentence examines comparative patterns (“as/so … as”) and tense harmony. When comparing present qualities, the verb in the comparative tail should typically match the tense/aspect of the main clause and, with “as/so … as”, is often omitted or realized as “is/are”.Given Data / Assumptions:Main clause time frame: present (“are”).Comparative structure: “so dedicated as …”.Tail segment D uses “will”, implying futurity, which breaks harmony.Concept / Approach:Use “as/so + adjective + as + noun/pronoun (+ be)” for present comparisons. Here, either “as Mahesh” (ellipsis) or “as Mahesh is” is standard. “Mahesh will” mismatches tense and lacks a main verb complement.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the matrix tense: present (“are”).2) Align the comparative tail: use “is” (present) or omit the verb after a proper noun.3) Correct forms: “Very few employees … are so dedicated as Mahesh (is).”4) Therefore, the error is D.Verification / Alternative check:Say it with pronoun substitution: “as he is” works; “as he will” does not, unless a future time reference has been clearly established (it has not here).Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: All parts fit the comparative pattern once D is corrected.Common Pitfalls:Using “will” for generic present comparisons; confusing “so … as” with “as … as”.Final Answer:Option D

Question 17

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) Each cigarette B) a person smoke C) does some harm and eventually D) it may cause a serious disease.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This tests subject-verb agreement in a relative-like clause without an explicit relative pronoun. After “Each cigarette”, the embedded clause describing what a person does must use a third-person singular verb form with “a person”.Given Data / Assumptions:Head determiner: “Each” → singular notion.Embedded subject: “a person”.Verb form used: bare “smoke” instead of “smokes”.Concept / Approach:With “a person/he/she”, the present simple verb takes the -s inflection. Therefore, the natural reading is “Each cigarette a person smokes …”.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Locate the subject of the embedded clause: “a person”.2) Apply 3rd-person singular agreement: “smokes”.3) Correct sentence: “Each cigarette a person smokes does some harm, and eventually it may cause a serious disease.”4) Hence the error is in B.Verification / Alternative check:Substitute pronoun: “Each cigarette he smokes …” confirms the -s requirement.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: “Each cigarette” correctly sets up singular reference.C–D: Idiomatic and semantically coherent.Common Pitfalls:Dropping the -s after “each … a person …” frames; treating “person” as plural.Final Answer:Option B

Question 18

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) A detailed inquiry B) in the incident C) has been initiated D) by the Central Government.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question probes correct prepositional collocation with “inquiry”. The standard expression is “an inquiry into something”, not “in the incident”.Given Data / Assumptions:Noun: “inquiry”.Current preposition: “in”.Target collocation: “inquiry into the incident”.Concept / Approach:Collocations are conventional pairings; using the wrong preposition can sound unidiomatic or wrong. “Into” expresses the idea of probing a matter, which matches “inquiry”.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the head noun and its prepositional complement.2) Replace “in” with “into”.3) Correct sentence: “A detailed inquiry into the incident has been initiated by the Central Government.”4) Therefore, B contains the error.Verification / Alternative check:Check parallel collocations: “investigation into”, “probe into” — all take “into” for depth/entry into a topic.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A, C, D: All parts are grammatically and stylistically fine.Common Pitfalls:Overusing “in” after nouns of investigation.Final Answer:Option B

Question 19

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) In the absence of B) clear instuctions C) one cannot be expected D) to be functioned effectively.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The sentence examines voice and complementation after “expected”. English expects a bare infinitive clause with an active verb: “expected to function …”, not a passive “to be functioned …”. Spelling issues may exist elsewhere, but the core grammar error is the malformed infinitival complement in D.Given Data / Assumptions:Matrix: “one cannot be expected …”.Intended predicate: perform effectively despite missing instructions.Current complement: passive infinitive “to be functioned effectively”.Concept / Approach:After “be expected”, we usually use an active infinitive describing what the subject is expected to do: “be expected to function …”. The noun “function” here is used as a verb and must remain active.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the infinitival complement governed by “expected”.2) Replace passive form with active verb: “to function effectively”.3) Correct sentence: “In the absence of clear instructions, one cannot be expected to function effectively.”4) Thus, D is the error segment.Verification / Alternative check:Try comparable frames: “expected to work/perform/operate effectively” — all are active, not “to be worked/operated”.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically sound. (B has a spelling slip “instuctions” → “instructions”, but grammar testing typically targets the structural error in D.)Common Pitfalls:Forcing a passive infinitive where the subject is the doer of the action; assuming “be + past participle” fits all complements.Final Answer:Option D

Question 20

Error Spotting – Choose the segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical error; select “No error” only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) What is needed today is B) a new breed of managers C) with a new set of concepts D) and a flexible wa…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question checks idiomatic prepositional pairing with “way”. In English, the fixed expression is “way of doing/thinking”, not “way about thinking”.Given Data / Assumptions:Predicate nominative structure: “What is needed today is …”.Coordinate NP culminates in “a flexible way about thinking”.Target idiom: “way of thinking”.Concept / Approach:“Way” meaning “manner/method” takes the preposition “of” before a gerund or verbal noun: “way of working/thinking”. Using “about” is unidiomatic in this frame.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the collocation head “way”.2) Replace “about” with “of”.3) Correct sentence: “What is needed today is a new breed of managers with a new set of concepts and a flexible way of thinking.”4) Therefore, D is the erroneous segment.Verification / Alternative check:Check comparable idioms: “method of”, “manner of”, “style of” — all pair with “of” plus gerund/noun, reinforcing the pattern.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically and semantically fine; the problem is solely the preposition in D.Common Pitfalls:Using “about” after “way” due to semantic association with “thinking about”; however, the idiom governs the choice here.Final Answer:Option D

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