Question 1

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) He had experienced B) a purposefully C) discussion on topics of our D) int…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question checks correct word form (adjective vs adverb) inside a noun phrase and general sentence cohesion. The focus is on whether the modifier before the noun 'discussion' is in the right form.Given Data / Assumptions:The intended meaning is that the discussion had a clear purpose.Segment B uses the adverb “purposefully”.Segment C introduces the head noun “discussion”.Standard English noun phrases typically use adjectives (not adverbs) before nouns.Concept / Approach:Before a noun, we need an adjective such as “purposeful”, not the adverb “purposefully”. The correct sequence is “a purposeful discussion…”. The remaining parts form a coherent prepositional extension “on topics of our interest”.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the head noun: discussion.2) Check the modifier form: “purposefully” (adverb) is incorrect before a noun.3) Replace with adjective: “purposeful”.4) Reconstruct: “He had experienced a purposeful discussion on topics of our interest.”Verification / Alternative check:Adverb placement test: adverbs typically modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, not nouns. If we wanted an adverb, it would modify a verb like “spoke purposefully”.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Verb phrase fragment is fine; past perfect is acceptable contextually.C) Correctly introduces the noun “discussion”.D) “interest” appropriately completes the prepositional phrase.E) Not applicable because B contains an error.Common Pitfalls:Confusing “purposeful” (adjective) with “purposefully” (adverb). In error-spotting, check part of speech against position.Final Answer:B (Use “a purposeful”)

Question 2

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) A monstrous B) snake came up the C) hollow D) trunk of tree

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This problem tests article usage with singular count nouns in prepositional phrases. The phrase “trunk of tree” is missing a necessary article.Given Data / Assumptions:Noun: trunk (singular, countable).Complement noun: tree (singular, countable).Natural collocation: “the hollow trunk of the tree”.Concept / Approach:In English, singular count nouns usually require an article or determiner. When the tree is specific and already referred to by “the” earlier in the sequence (“came up the hollow trunk”), the complement “of the tree” should also take “the”. Acceptable variants are “the trunk of a tree” (non-specific) or “the trunk of the tree” (specific). The given fragment “trunk of tree” omits the article and is ungrammatical.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify singular nouns: trunk, tree.2) Check determiners: missing article before “tree”.3) Correct forms: “the trunk of the tree” or “the trunk of a tree”.4) Full corrected sentence: “A monstrous snake came up the hollow trunk of the tree.”Verification / Alternative check:Replace with a non-specific reading: “up the hollow trunk of a tree.” Both are grammatical; the original is not.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Proper adjective–noun start.B) Verb phrase and preposition are acceptable.C) “hollow” aptly modifies “trunk”.Common Pitfalls:Dropping articles in “of + noun” phrases. Singular count nouns still need determiners.Final Answer:D (Insert “the” or “a”: “trunk of the/a tree”)

Question 3

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. Choose the erroneous fragment; if none, choose E.  Sentence (split into parts): A) Justice is an enforceable B) public virtue, stronger in C) obligatory …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The sentence attempts a comparative construction “stronger in … than …” and contrasts public virtue with private virtues. The error concerns the word form after the preposition “in”.Given Data / Assumptions:Pattern: “stronger in X than Y”.Segment C uses “obligatory” (adjective) after “in”.Intended meaning: justice is stronger in obligation (or more obligatory) than private virtues such as friendship, charity, and generosity.Concept / Approach:After the preposition “in”, a noun should follow. The correct noun is “obligation”. Alternatively, we could recast the comparative as “more obligatory than” (adjective + than). Mixing “in” with an adjective (“obligatory”) is ungrammatical.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify comparative frame: “stronger in … than …”.2) Supply noun after “in”: “obligation”.3) Rebuild: “Justice is an enforceable public virtue, stronger in obligation than such private virtues as friendship, charity, and generosity.”4) Alternatively: “Justice is more obligatory than such private virtues as friendship, charity, and generosity.”Verification / Alternative check:Grammar test: replace “in + adjective” with “in + noun” or remove “in” and keep the adjective with “more … than”.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Correct start and article usage.B) Comparative lead-in is fine.D–E) Items in a list; punctuation could be improved but not a test error.Common Pitfalls:Confusing part of speech after prepositions; prepositions are typically followed by nouns or gerunds.Final Answer:C (Replace “obligatory” with “obligation” or recast as “more obligatory than”)

Question 4

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) When I heard B) his vice C) I could not respond D) quickly

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item checks confusable words that are homophones or near-homophones. “Vice” and “voice” have very different meanings; only one fits the auditory context of “heard”.Given Data / Assumptions:Verb of perception: heard.Object needed: something that can be heard.“Vice” means immoral habit; “voice” is the sound produced by a person.Concept / Approach:Because “hear” relates to sound, the correct noun is “voice”. Using “vice” causes a semantic error. Spelling distinctions are essential in error-spotting problems, especially where context (auditory vs moral) resolves ambiguity.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Match verb semantics: hear → sound.2) Choose the object consistent with sound: voice.3) Correct fragment: “his voice”.4) Full correction: “When I heard his voice, I could not respond quickly.”Verification / Alternative check:Try paraphrase: “When I heard his vice” is illogical; a vice cannot be heard.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Subordinate clause opener is fine.C–D) Main clause and adverb placement are correct.Common Pitfalls:Confusing minimal pairs (vice/voice, affect/effect) under time pressure.Final Answer:B (Write: “his voice”)

Question 5

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) They appreciated B) his wholehurted C) contribution D) to the social cause

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question evaluates knowledge of the collocation “wholehearted” and its spelling. The sentence praises the person’s sincere contribution to a cause.Given Data / Assumptions:Intended meaning: sincere, earnest, complete support.Misspelled/incorrect form appears in segment B.Other segments form a grammatical sentence.Concept / Approach:The correct adjective is “wholehearted” (also “whole-hearted” in hyphenated form). The provided “wholehurted” is not an English word and likely arises from mishearing the phrase. Correcting the adjective fixes the sentence without further changes.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Recognize the intended word from context: “wholehearted”.2) Replace the erroneous form “wholehurted”.3) Full corrected sentence: “They appreciated his wholehearted contribution to the social cause.”4) Note that “appreciated” properly governs a noun phrase object.Verification / Alternative check:Synonyms test: “sincere” or “earnest” could replace “wholehearted,” preserving meaning.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Correct verb and subject.C) Noun “contribution” fits the verb.D) Prepositional phrase is idiomatic.Common Pitfalls:Pronunciation-driven spelling (“-hearted” pronounced like “-hurted”). Remember the base word “heart”.Final Answer:B (Write: “wholehearted”)

Question 6

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) The attractive B) scene painted by him C) fetched the first D) price

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item differentiates between two common nouns with distinct meanings but similar spelling: “prize” vs “price”.Given Data / Assumptions:Context: a painted scene won an award.Segment C says “fetched the first …”, suggesting a competition result.Segment D uses “price”, which refers to cost.Concept / Approach:In competitions, the correct term is “first prize”. “Price” means the amount paid to buy something. The collocation “fetch the first prize” is standard idiom meaning to win first place.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Infer scenario: an art contest.2) Select the appropriate noun: “prize”.3) Correct the fragment to “prize”.4) Final sentence: “The attractive scene painted by him fetched the first prize.”Verification / Alternative check:Replace “price” with “cost” to test meaning; it breaks the idiom, confirming “prize” is intended.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically cohesive and contextually consistent with winning.Common Pitfalls:Confusing “prize” and “price” in fast reading; check collocations.Final Answer:D (Write: “prize”)

Question 7

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Our college principle B) never accepts C) any donation D) from people with…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question targets a frequently confused pair: “principal” (head of an institution) vs “principle” (fundamental rule). The sentence is about a person, not an idea.Given Data / Assumptions:Context: a college authority figure who does not accept donations from the poor.Segment A uses “principle”.Other segments are grammatically sound.Concept / Approach:“Principal” functions as a noun meaning the head of a school or college. “Principle” is a noun meaning a guiding rule or belief. Only “principal” fits in reference to a person.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Determine part of speech and referent: a person → principal.2) Replace “principle” with “principal”.3) Final sentence: “Our college principal never accepts any donation from people with meagre resources.”Verification / Alternative check:Mnemonic: “The principal is your pal.” This helps distinguish the spellings.Why Other Options Are Wrong:B) Correct present simple expressing habitual action.C) Article-free plural “donations” might be even more idiomatic, but “any donation” is grammatical.D) Prepositional phrase is fine.Common Pitfalls:Substituting “principle” for “principal” due to identical pronunciation.Final Answer:A (Use “principal” for the person)

Question 8

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or collocation error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) Stereotypes B) are dysfunctional C) in projecting D) an image of an unb…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The sentence evaluates correct preposition/collocation after adjectives like “functional/dysfunctional” when followed by a gerund phrase. The natural pairing here is “functional/dysfunctional for + -ing”.Given Data / Assumptions:Subject: “Stereotypes”.Predicate adjective: “dysfunctional”.Preposition used: “in”.Gerund phrase: “projecting an image of an unbiased individual”.Concept / Approach:Standard usage favors “functional/dysfunctional for doing something”, not “in doing something”, when describing suitability or effectiveness. Therefore, the preposition “in” should be replaced with “for”.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify adjective–preposition pattern: dysfunctional + for + -ing.2) Replace “in” with “for”.3) Corrected sentence: “Stereotypes are dysfunctional for projecting an image of an unbiased individual.”4) Note that the semantics now align: stereotypes hinder unbiased self-presentation.Verification / Alternative check:Substitute synonyms: “unsuitable for projecting …” The “for + -ing” pattern remains, confirming the preferred collocation.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) Proper plural subject.B) Predicate adjective is appropriate.D) Object phrase is grammatically fine.Common Pitfalls:Overusing “in + -ing” after adjectives; many adjectives of suitability require “for”.Final Answer:C (Use “for projecting”)

Question 9

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) He is a man of amiable B) disposition C) and emenable D) to rule and disci…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item checks accurate spelling of the adjective “amenable,” a common error due to pronunciation. The word describes someone open or responsive to suggestion or authority.Given Data / Assumptions:Positive trait phrase: “a man of amiable disposition”.Linker: “and … to rule and discipline”.Misspelling in C: “emenable”.Concept / Approach:The correct spelling is “amenable” (a-m-e-n-a-b-l-e). It typically collocates with “to”: “amenable to rules/discipline/advice.” The segment C’s form “emenable” is incorrect.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the target adjective: amenable.2) Correct the spelling from “emenable” to “amenable”.3) Confirm the preposition: “amenable to” is correct.4) Full sentence: “He is a man of amiable disposition and amenable to rule and discipline.”Verification / Alternative check:Synonym substitution (“receptive to”, “compliant with”) preserves meaning and confirms the intended structure.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–B) Grammatically fine descriptive noun phrase.D) Preposition “to” is appropriate with “amenable”.Common Pitfalls:Adding an extra initial “e” due to reduced vowel pronunciation in connected speech.Final Answer:C (Spell as “amenable”)

Question 10

ERROR SPOTTING — Identify the part (A–E) that contains a grammatical, usage, or spelling error. If there is no error, choose E (All correct).  Sentence (split into parts): A) He was very kin B) to process all the C) available D) information

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question tests a near-homograph pair: “kin” (relatives) vs “keen” (eager). The sentence refers to a person’s eagerness to process information.Given Data / Assumptions:Structure: “be keen to + base verb” expresses eagerness.Segment A uses “kin”, which denotes family relations.Segments B–D are grammatically correct and coherent.Concept / Approach:The correct adjective in this idiom is “keen”, often intensified as “very keen to …”. “Kin” cannot serve as an adjective for eagerness in this context. Correcting the vowel changes the meaning to the intended one.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Recognize the idiom “be keen to do something”.2) Replace “kin” with “keen”.3) Full corrected sentence: “He was very keen to process all the available information.”4) Verify remaining segments for grammaticality (articles and noun usage are fine).Verification / Alternative check:Synonym test: “eager to process…” fits perfectly, confirming “keen”.Why Other Options Are Wrong:B) Correct infinitival complement.C–D) Standard noun phrase “the available information”.Common Pitfalls:Typographical errors that swap vowels and create different words (keen/kin, lose/loose).Final Answer:A (Write: “very keen”)

Question 11

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or spelling error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) People in our country are distressed B) by the spate of strikes, an almost C)…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This error-spotting item checks two common trouble spots in formal English: spelling within abstract nouns and the correct hyphenation of compound nouns that function as terms (such as labor actions). The goal is to identify the single segment that makes the sentence nonstandard.Given Data / Assumptions:The sentence discusses national distress caused by strikes, an almost perpetual slowdown, and low productivity.Only one option should contain the error; “All correct” is chosen only if A–D are error-free.Segment C uses the labor-term “go-slow,” typically hyphenated; segment D contains a suspect spelling of “incredibly.”Concept / Approach:Standard spelling requires “incredibly,” not “increadibily.” Compound terms like “go-slow” are commonly hyphenated in formal registers, but the spelling error in D is the decisive flaw. When two potential improvements appear, choose the unequivocal error in orthography first, as exams expect exactly one incorrect segment.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Scan for clear spelling violations: “increadibily” in D is not a dictionary form.2) Replace with “incredibly”: “... and incredibly low productivity.”3) Optionally improve C to “go-slow,” but note that lack of a hyphen is often tolerated; the spelling error is non-negotiable.4) Conclude that D is the segment containing the error.Verification / Alternative check:Read the sentence with the correction: “People in our country are distressed by the spate of strikes, an almost perpetual go-slow, and incredibly low productivity.” The sentence now reads idiomatically and formally.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Grammatically fine as the subject clause.B: Prepositional phrase and appositive flow are acceptable.C: “go slow” is understandable; “go-slow” would be preferred but is not a strict error in many exam keys.Common Pitfalls:Overcorrecting stylistic hyphenation while missing a blatant spelling mistake; assuming that every compound must be hyphenated in all styles.Final Answer:increadibily low productivity

Question 12

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or spelling error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) He was polite B) but ferm in his C) dealings with the D) foreigners

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question focuses on spelling accuracy in a common collocation of contrasting traits: “polite but firm.” Such pairings are frequent in professional communication and managerial writing, where firmness coexists with courtesy.Given Data / Assumptions:The main clause describes a person who is both polite and firm.Segment B reads “but ferm in his,” which looks like a phonetic misspelling.No other segment exhibits a clear grammatical fault.Concept / Approach:Identify the core adjective that pairs with “polite.” The correct adjective is “firm,” not “ferm.” While accents may influence pronunciation, standard English spelling is fixed in formal exams. Additionally, the noun phrase “dealings with the foreigners” is grammatically acceptable in context.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Recognize the idiomatic pairing: “polite but firm.”2) Compare segment B’s spelling to the standard: “ferm” → “firm.”3) Ensure surrounding grammar is coherent: subject + linking verb + adjectives works well.4) Conclude that B contains the sole error.Verification / Alternative check:Substitute the correction: “He was polite but firm in his dealings with the foreigners.” The sentence now reads idiomatically and precisely.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Correct simple past with copular verb “was”.C: Prepositional phrase is standard.D: Plural “foreigners” is appropriate given the generic context.Common Pitfalls:Letting pronunciation override spelling; misidentifying B as a style choice rather than a clear misspelling.Final Answer:but ferm in his

Question 13

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or usage error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) The funeral B) was plain and ostentatious C) It differed D) in nothing from the …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item tests logical consistency and word choice. In descriptive writing, adjectives that inherently contradict each other within the same predicate create a semantic error even when grammar looks fine. “Plain” and “ostentatious” are antonyms; using them together for the same referent is illogical.Given Data / Assumptions:Subject: “The funeral”.Predicate (B): “was plain and ostentatious”.Segment D contains the nonstandard spelling “ordinery” (intended “ordinary”), but many exam keys prioritize one clear error; here the central logical fault is in B.Concept / Approach:Ensure adjectives in coordination describe compatible qualities of the same noun. “Plain” means simple or unadorned; “ostentatious” means showy and grandiose. Combining them without contrastive structure (such as “not ostentatious” or “far from ostentatious”) violates semantic compatibility.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Evaluate the predicate adjectives for compatibility.2) Recognize the contradiction: “plain” vs “ostentatious”.3) Correct B to “was plain and unostentatious” or “was not ostentatious”.4) Optionally correct D to “ordinary,” but the principal tested error is in B.Verification / Alternative check:Read a corrected version: “The funeral was plain and unostentatious. It differed in nothing from the ordinary.” The narrative becomes sensible and cohesive.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Proper topic introduction.C: Independent clause starter is fine (punctuation could be improved with a period or semicolon after B, but that is secondary).D: Spelling is off, yet the primary logical flaw occurs earlier in B per standard keys.Common Pitfalls:Choosing the spelling mistake and overlooking the more serious semantic contradiction; ignoring that exams often expect exactly one targeted error.Final Answer:was plain and ostentatious

Question 14

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or usage error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) The faces of the B) twins were so C) identical that we could not D) differentiat…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question examines precise verb choice in set expressions. When two people or things are very similar, the idiomatic verb is “distinguish,” not “differentiate,” in everyday English. “Differentiate between” is more common in technical contexts (calculus, classification), whereas “distinguish between” is the natural choice for telling two faces apart.Given Data / Assumptions:The subject is the identical appearance of twins.The complement clause expresses inability to tell one from the other.We must pick the segment that needs revision to attain idiomatic correctness.Concept / Approach:Idiomatic collocations help readers process meaning quickly. “Distinguish between A and B” or simply “distinguish them” fits personal identification. “Differentiate” tends to describe functional or categorical differences rather than visual recognition of two individuals in casual discourse.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Parse the structure: so + adjective + that-clause indicates result.2) Evaluate verb choice for naturalness: replace “differentiate” with “distinguish”.3) Corrected sentence: “The faces of the twins were so identical that we could not distinguish between them.”4) Therefore, D contains the usage error.Verification / Alternative check:Try “tell them apart” as a paraphrase; it aligns with “distinguish,” reinforcing that D is the place to revise.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically sound and semantically coherent within the result construction.Common Pitfalls:Believing that “differentiate” and “distinguish” are always interchangeable; in many real-world contexts they are not.Final Answer:differentiate between them

Question 15

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or spelling error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) The philosophers B) believe that by making men see C) reason through argument…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This sentence blends abstract reasoning with predicted social outcomes. The exam tests straightforward spelling and parallelism at the end of a long clause. Spotting the truncated past participle “improvd” is essential to restore grammatical completeness and stylistic symmetry.Given Data / Assumptions:Main frame: “The philosophers believe that … society would be changed and human behaviour …”Desired parallel passive complements: “would be changed” and “(would be) improved”.Actual ending: “improvd,” a misspelled and incomplete form.Concept / Approach:When coordinating two results, keep the grammatical shape parallel. Here, both results are past participles in a passive result pattern: “changed” and “improved.” Correct spelling also matters in formal evaluation contexts.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify coordination: X “would be changed” and Y “would be improved.”2) Detect the spelling/inflection error: “improvd” → “improved”.3) Corrected close: “... society would be changed and human behaviour improved.” (Ellipsis of the second “would be” is acceptable for concision.)4) Conclude D is the erroneous segment.Verification / Alternative check:Read aloud with “improved”; the parallelism with “changed” becomes clear and the rhythm smooth.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–C: Grammatically acceptable; the long clause properly introduces a predicted outcome.Common Pitfalls:Overanalyzing tense choices and missing simple orthographic mistakes; adding unnecessary auxiliary verbs that break the concise parallel structure.Final Answer:improvd

Question 16

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or spelling error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) stationary B) items go into an inventory C) assiduously D) prepared

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question targets a classic confusable pair: “stationary” versus “stationery.” The context clearly points to office supplies, not to something that is not moving. Recognizing such homophones is crucial in business English and administrative writing.Given Data / Assumptions:Topic: items recorded in inventory.Modifier in A: “stationary” (meaning “not moving”).Intended sense: office supplies like paper, pens, files → “stationery”.Concept / Approach:Differentiate by meaning and mnemonic: “stationery” (E for Envelope) relates to writing materials; “stationary” (A for At rest) means not moving. Inventory management naturally concerns “stationery items.”Step-by-Step Solution:1) Determine semantic field: procurement and inventory of office supplies.2) Match the correct homophone: “stationery,” not “stationary.”3) Corrected sentence: “Stationery items go into an inventory assiduously prepared.”4) Select A as the error segment.Verification / Alternative check:Substitute synonyms: writing materials, office supplies. These align with “stationery,” confirming the needed correction.Why Other Options Are Wrong:B: Clause structure is fine.C: “assiduously” (diligently) is correctly spelled and used.D: Past participle “prepared” is appropriate.Common Pitfalls:Relying on sound rather than meaning; forgetting the envelope mnemonic for “stationery.”Final Answer:stationary

Question 17

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or spelling error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) They cannot buy B) certain C) medicines which are extremely D) expensive

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Not every sentence hides a mistake; some items test your ability to resist overcorrection. The sentence describes a financial constraint on purchasing costly medicines. All four segments are grammatically consistent and idiomatic.Given Data / Assumptions:Modal negative ability: “cannot buy”.Determiner “certain” correctly limits the noun “medicines”.Relative clause “which are extremely …” modifies “medicines”.Predicate adjective “expensive” concludes the clause.Concept / Approach:Check agreement, modifier attachment, and idiomatic use. The determiner-noun pairing is fine, the relative clause properly attaches to “medicines,” and degree adverb “extremely” correctly modifies the adjective “expensive.” No punctuation is required inside this simple sentence, and word choice is standard.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Validate subject–verb structure: “They … cannot buy” is correct.2) Confirm determiner use: “certain medicines” is idiomatic.3) Inspect the relative clause: “which are extremely expensive” is well-formed.4) Conclude that no segment contains an error; select “All correct.”Verification / Alternative check:Rephrase for meaning: “They are unable to purchase some medicines because they are very costly.” This paraphrase preserves structure and confirms correctness.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–D: Each segment is grammatical and natural; changing them would alter acceptable English without necessity.Common Pitfalls:Searching for nonexistent errors and changing idiomatic wording; confusing “certain” with certainty (here it means “some particular”).Final Answer:All correct

Question 18

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or usage error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) The faster B) he adjust to a novel situation C) the soon D) will he be rewarded

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This question tests the correlative comparative structure “The + comparative, the + comparative” (also called the “the … the …” construction), as in “The faster X happens, the sooner Y occurs.” It also invites attention to subject–verb agreement, but standard keys usually target a single error per sentence.Given Data / Assumptions:First comparative clause begins with “The faster …”.Second comparative should begin with “the sooner …”, not “the soon”.There is a secondary issue in B (“he adjust” should be “he adjusts”), but exam patterns typically highlight the correlative error as primary.Concept / Approach:In this construction, both halves require comparative adjectives or adverbs. “Sooner” is the comparative of “soon.” Therefore “the soon” is ungrammatical; the correct form is “the sooner.” Agreement in B can be repaired simultaneously for full correctness, but the single tested hotspot is C.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Verify the correlative template: “The + comparative, the + comparative.”2) Identify the error: “the soon” → “the sooner.”3) Optional full correction: “The faster he adjusts to a novel situation, the sooner he will be rewarded.”4) Choose C as the answer per the principal rule tested.Verification / Alternative check:Test with other comparatives: “the earlier … the better …” The pattern remains consistent, confirming C as the locus of error.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A: Correct comparative starter.B: While “adjusts” would be ideal, keys often single out one error; the headline rule lies in C.D: Inversion with “will he be rewarded” is acceptable in emphatic style; “he will be rewarded” is also fine.Common Pitfalls:Missing the required comparative in the second half; over-focusing on agreement and overlooking the correlative template.Final Answer:the soon

Question 19

Error Spotting – Choose the single segment (A–D) that contains a grammatical or usage error; select ‘‘All correct’’ only if the entire sentence is correct. Sentence: A) To solve a B) problem, one needs to have C) intelligent and firm D) determination

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This sentence probes adjective–noun compatibility and parallel noun formation. Some adjectives collocate naturally with people, not with abstract nouns like “determination.” Here, “intelligent” modifies a human agent, whereas “firm” can modify either a person or an abstract quality. The expected fix is to convert “intelligent” to the noun “intelligence.”Given Data / Assumptions:Purpose clause: “To solve a problem …”.Head noun at the end: “determination”.Coordinated modifier segment: “intelligent and firm”.Concept / Approach:Maintain parallel grammatical form when coordinating qualities before a shared head noun. If the head is “determination,” pair it with another abstract noun to keep symmetry: “intelligence and firm determination,” or better, use two nouns (“intelligence and determination”) or two adjectives modifying a suitable head (“an intelligent and firm approach”).Step-by-Step Solution:1) Identify the head: “determination.”2) Ensure parallel form: adjective + noun should not be mixed awkwardly when the adjective does not naturally modify the head.3) Replace “intelligent” with the noun “intelligence” or change the head noun to “approach.”4) Minimal correction retaining the structure: “one needs to have intelligence and firm determination.”Verification / Alternative check:Paraphrase: “To solve a problem, one needs intelligence and determination.” This reads fluently and captures the intended meaning without collision in word classes.Why Other Options Are Wrong:A–B: The infinitive opener and the main clause are standard.D: “determination” is a correct abstract noun; the mismatch originates in C.Common Pitfalls:Assuming any positive adjective can modify any abstract noun; ignoring parallelism in coordinated structures.Final Answer:intelligent and firm

Question 20

Error Spotting – Identify the part (A–D) that contains the word choice or spelling error, or choose “All correct” if the full sentence is error-free. Sentence (parts correspond to options): A) People take undue B) advantage of his C) simplicity and …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:This item checks vocabulary precision in a common collocation: “take undue advantage of someone and cheat him.” The sentence is split into four parts; exactly one segment uses an incorrect word that distorts the intended meaning.Given Data / Assumptions:The speaker describes exploitation of a simple (gullible) person.Segment D reads “chit him,” which is not standard usage.Intended verb in this context is “cheat.”Concept / Approach:When someone takes undue advantage of another, the natural verb is “cheat” or “deceive.” The word “chit” is a noun meaning a small note or voucher; it does not function as a verb meaning “deceive.” Therefore, the error lies in word choice, not grammar or idiom elsewhere in the sentence.Step-by-Step Solution:Identify the idiom: take undue advantage of + object → typically followed by “and cheat him/her.”Check each segment: A, B, and C form a correct and idiomatic preface.Detect the anomaly: D uses “chit” instead of “cheat.”Correct form: “... simplicity and cheat him.”Verification / Alternative check:Substitute synonyms: “exploit him,” “deceive him,” “cheat him.” All fit; “chit him” does not. Dictionaries list “chit” as a noun (note/slip) or an informal noun for a small child, not a transitive verb meaning “cheat.”Why Other Options Are Wrong:A) “People take undue” correctly sets up the idiom.B) “advantage of his” is standard; the genitive is fine.C) “simplicity and” correctly continues the thought.Common Pitfalls:Confusing similarly spelled words (“cheat” vs “chit”). In exam settings, watch for near-homographs that change part of speech and meaning.Final Answer:chit him

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