One-word substitution (language ability): Choose the precise term for a person who knows and can use many foreign languages with proficiency. Context: Distinguish between a scholar of linguistics and a multi-language speaker. Instruction: Select the most accurate single-word substitute from the options below.

Given data

• Target meaning: a person who knows many foreign languages.
• Options: Linguist, Grammarian, Polyglot, Bilingual.

Concept / Approach
A polyglot is someone who can use multiple (often many) languages. A linguist is a scholar who studies language scientifically; not necessarily a speaker of many languages. A grammarian focuses on grammar; bilingual means two languages.

Option-by-option analysis
Linguist — academic study of language; may know only one or two languages. ❌Grammarian — expert in grammar; not about number of languages spoken. ❌Polyglot — one who knows/uses many languages. ✅Bilingual — two languages only. ❌

Verification
Usage: ‘‘She is a polyglot, fluent in Spanish, Arabic, Mandarin, and Swahili.’’

Common pitfalls

• Assuming linguists must be polyglots; the disciplines differ.
• Equating ‘‘bilingual’’ with ‘‘knows many’’; it is literally ‘‘two’’.

Final Answer
Polyglot