Which of the following cities belongs to the same Indian state category as 'Varanasi', 'Kanpur', and 'Lucknow'? Choose the city that matches their state affiliation.

Introduction / Context:
This analogy-style classification checks Indian geography knowledge. Varanasi, Kanpur, and Lucknow share a common attribute: all are major cities in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP). We must select another city that shares this state affiliation.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Varanasi, Kanpur, Lucknow are in Uttar Pradesh.
• Options include cities from various Indian states.
• We need the option that is also in Uttar Pradesh.

Concept / Approach:
The relation is “city : state”. Confirm the state for each option city, then match to UP. Knowledge of state-capital-city mappings helps resolve such items quickly.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Note the reference set: all in Uttar Pradesh.2) Check options: Gaya (Bihar), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh), Bhagalpur (Bihar), Ranchi (Jharkhand).3) The only UP city listed is Ghaziabad.

Verification / Alternative check:
Cross-check via standard Indian geography: Ghaziabad is part of the National Capital Region and lies in western Uttar Pradesh, consistent with the needed attribute.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Gaya: Located in Bihar.
• Jodhpur: Located in Rajasthan.
• Bhagalpur: Located in Bihar.
• Ranchi: Capital of Jharkhand.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming proximity to Delhi implies a different state; Ghaziabad, despite NCR linkage, is in Uttar Pradesh. Do not let regional clustering confuse state boundaries.

Final Answer:
Ghaziabad