Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the peoples rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the government. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, so it should support the causes and movements and condemn the wrong ones and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others, without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion and justice will reign on earth. According to this passage, which of the following combinations is needed from the people to have true or active public opinion? Choose the best option based strictly on the passage.

Introduction / Context:
This question again deals with the passage on public opinion, but focuses specifically on the qualities required for true or active public opinion. The author contrasts passive opinion with active opinion and identifies the mental and behavioural traits people must possess to influence the government effectively in a democracy.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The passage describes true public opinion as arising when people are alert, intelligent and determined.
• It also says that they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country.
• The options combine four elements: alertness, determination, intelligence and raising their voice.
• The correct option must match the complete list of qualities described in the passage.

Concept / Approach:
This is a detail-based reading question. To answer correctly, we do not need outside knowledge of politics or democracy. Instead, we must pay close attention to the exact wording in the passage. The key sentence describing true public opinion gives us the list of traits. We then match these traits directly with the given alternatives.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Locate in the passage where the author defines true or active public opinion.Step 2: The passage notes that people must be alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will.Step 3: It further says that they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, which corresponds to raising their voice in an organised and responsible way.Step 4: Combine these elements and check which option includes all of them without missing any.

Verification / Alternative check:
Read the key lines again. The passage clearly lists three mental qualities (alertness, intelligence, determination) and one behavioural action (actively exercising their voice). Any answer that leaves out one of these elements is incomplete. The only option that includes all four is the one that mentions alertness, determination, intelligence and actively raising their voice.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A includes alertness, determination and intelligence, but ignores the active use of their voice, which the passage emphasises as essential. So it is incomplete.
Option B focuses only on raising their voice, which is far too narrow and ignores the mental qualities highlighted by the author. Thus it does not reflect the complete requirement.
Option C includes determination and intelligence but omits alertness and the active exercise of voice, making it clearly incomplete according to the passage.

Common Pitfalls:
Candidates sometimes assume that raising one’s voice alone is enough for effective public opinion, forgetting that the passage stresses thoughtful and informed participation. Another pitfall is to pick an option that feels reasonable in real life rather than checking that every element in the answer actually appears in the passage. Finally, some readers forget that the question asks which combination is needed, not which single trait is most important.

Final Answer:
The passage states that people must be alert, intelligent, determined, and willing to exercise their voice actively in the management of their country. Therefore, the correct answer is Alertness, determination, intelligence and actively raising their voice.