Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. Public opinion may be passive and false or active and real. It is claimed in theory that all governments are ultimately based on the opinion or sanction of the governed. But we find that in practice the peoples rights are often trodden down and tyranny and oppression are allowed to continue. The government does it not because the people want it to do so but because they are too idle, too uneducated and too disunited or timid to oppose the government. Such public opinion is passive and false and not an active verdict. But when we find people alert, intelligent and determined to let the government know their will, when they want to exercise actively their voice in the management of their country, we have an instance of true or active public opinion. True public opinion is formed by and expressed through the press, the platform, political parties and educational institutions. These have sacred duties to perform, duties on which depends the ultimate good of the entire community. The press today wields a tremendous influence, so it should support the causes and movements and condemn the wrong ones and thus teach people to form correct opinion. A free and fair press ventilates the grievances of the public. Thus a healthy relationship develops between the people and the government through an unbiased press. Political parties also help to create and regulate opinions. No less important part is played by the educational institutions which train the minds of the young people who will be the citizens of tomorrow. It has been said that modern Germany and China have been made by their universities. It is necessary that the young and the growing minds should imbibe the spirit of fellow feeling, the spirit of tolerance, the habit of compromise and show due regard for the feelings and opinion of others, without which a democratic society cannot function, let alone succeed. When there is true awakening of the people, we shall have the real and conscious public opinion and justice will reign on earth and truly will the voice of the people be the voice of God. Based on this passage, which of the following is not mentioned as a reason for the oppression caused to the general public by the running government in the country? Choose the most appropriate option based strictly on the ideas expressed in the passage.

Introduction / Context:
This reading comprehension question is based on a passage that contrasts passive and false public opinion with active and true public opinion in a democratic system. The author explains how people often suffer tyranny and oppression, not because they consciously want it, but because of their weaknesses and failures. The task is to identify which given option is not presented in the passage as a reason for public oppression under a running government.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The passage clearly lists reasons why a government is able to trample peoples rights.
• The author states that people are idle, uneducated, disunited and timid.
• The passage explicitly says that the government does not act oppressively because the people want it to do so.
• The question asks for the option that is not a reason mentioned in the passage.

Concept / Approach:
The core idea is careful reading and elimination. We must distinguish between what the passage explicitly presents as causes of oppression and what it explicitly denies. Public opinion can be passive and false when people fail to act, and active and real when people are alert and determined. For this question, the correct choice will be the statement that contradicts what the passage says.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the sentence that explains why the government continues tyranny and oppression.Step 2: The passage says that the government does it not because the people want it to do so.Step 3: It then lists the real reasons: people are too idle, too uneducated, too disunited or too timid to oppose the government.Step 4: Compare each option with these reasons to see which statement is not included or is directly denied by the passage.

Verification / Alternative check:
Read the crucial lines again: they emphasise that oppression continues because of peoples idleness, ignorance, disunity and fear. At the same time, the author clearly rejects the idea that people actually want such oppression. So any option that claims people want atrocities must be considered the opposite of what the passage states. This confirms that our interpretation is aligned with the text.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option B mentions that people are uneducated. The passage explicitly states that people are too uneducated to oppose the government, so this is indeed one of the given reasons and therefore cannot be the correct choice in this question.
Option C refers to people being disunited. The passage directly says they are too disunited, so this matches the text and is not the answer.
Option D says that people are timid to oppose the government. The passage clearly states that they are too timid, so this also reflects a reason given by the author and must be rejected for this particular question.

Common Pitfalls:
A common mistake is to answer from general world knowledge or from personal opinion about politics and protests instead of relying strictly on the text. Another frequent error is reading the question too fast and forgetting that it asks for the statement that is not a reason. Students may also confuse what the author negates (the idea that people want oppression) with what the author affirms (their idleness, ignorance, disunity and fear).

Final Answer:
The passage clearly says that oppression does not occur because people want it, so the option that states that people positively desire such atrocities is not a reason given in the text. Therefore, the correct answer is People positively desire and welcome such atrocities to be committed against them.