Linear Momentum – Total Motion Possessed by a Body In dynamics, the total motion possessed by a body is termed:

Introduction / Context: Momentum encapsulates both how much matter an object has and how fast it moves, making it a fundamental conserved quantity in isolated systems. This question checks recognition of the standard term for “total motion.”

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A particle of mass m moving with velocity v.
• Standard SI units: kg for mass, m/s for velocity.

Concept / Approach: Linear momentum p is defined by p = m * v. It is a vector quantity pointing in the direction of velocity. In the absence of external force, the total momentum of a system remains constant (principle of conservation of momentum).

Step-by-Step Solution: Compute momentum: p = m * v. Interpretation: measures “quantity of motion.” Contrast with mass (amount of matter) and weight (gravitational force m * g). Impulsive force relates to abrupt force action; impulse J = ∫F dt equals change in momentum.

Verification / Alternative check: Newton’s second law in impulse form: Δp = J. If no external impulse acts, Δp = 0, so momentum is conserved, reinforcing its role as “total motion.”

Why Other Options Are Wrong: mass: property of matter only. weight: force due to gravity, not motion. impulsive force / impulse: interaction and its time integral, not a persistent state variable like momentum.

Common Pitfalls: Confusing impulse (N·s) with momentum (also N·s in units) without noting impulse is an action, momentum a state.

Final Answer: momentum