Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: if only Conclusion II follows
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
The premise asserts a pragmatic claim: to both survive and prosper, one almost inevitably has to compromise on ethics and morality. We test which conclusions are necessary implications of that claim.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
Conclusion II rephrases the practical thrust: if success and even survival ordinarily demand compromise, then the ideals, in their pure form, are not practicable in real life. By contrast, Conclusion I introduces a new, evaluative claim about collective appreciation that is not present in the text.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) II tests the practicability of strict ethics: the statement describes a world where strict morality is not feasible alongside survival/prosperity → not practicable → II follows.2) I attributes attitudes (“appreciates but does not uphold”) to “the world,” which is not discussed; the premise comments on practical outcomes, not on attitudes → I does not follow.
Verification / Alternative check:
Had the statement said “people praise ethics but do not practice them,” I would follow. It instead frames a feasibility claim, matching II.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I: unsupported. Either: wrongly admits I. Both: overstates the evidence.
Common Pitfalls:
Reading implicit moral judgments or social attitudes into a statement about practicality.
Final Answer:
if only Conclusion II follows
Discussion & Comments