Critical reasoning — identify implicit assumptions Statement (advertisement): “X-chocolate is ideal as a gift for someone you love.” Assumptions to evaluate: I. People commonly give gifts to loved ones. II. Advertisements of this kind can influence consumer behavior. III. Chocolate is an acceptable item to give as a gift.

Introduction / Context:
The advertisement positions a chocolate brand as an “ideal” gift for loved ones. We must uncover which assumptions must hold for this persuasive message to resonate with its audience.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Promotional claim: chocolate is ideal for gifting to loved ones.
• I: Gift-giving to loved ones is a common social practice.
• II: Advertising can shape buying decisions.
• III: Chocolate counts as a legitimate gift item.

Concept / Approach:
Advertising arguments rely on social norms and category acceptability. If gifting to loved ones were not common (I), the pitch would miss its context. If advertising could not influence buyers (II), running the ad would be futile. If chocolate were not a recognized gift item (III), the “ideal gift” claim would fail.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Common gifting occasions (birthdays, anniversaries, festivals) routinely feature chocolates, supporting the trio of assumptions.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any subset option omits a necessary pillar of the persuasive frame (norm, influence, or category fit).

Common Pitfalls:
Underestimating how ads depend simultaneously on norms, influence pathways, and product–occasion fit.

Final Answer:
All are implicit