Logical deduction – ordering animal sizes Given: Spot is bigger than King and smaller than Sugar. Ralph is smaller than Sugar and bigger than Spot. Question: If those two facts are true, is the statement “King is bigger than Ralph” true, false, or uncertain?

Introduction / Context:
We are given two size chains involving four animals. The task is to merge them into a single consistent order and test the truth of the claim about King versus Ralph.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• King < Spot < Sugar.
• Spot < Ralph < Sugar.
• Claim to evaluate: “King is bigger than Ralph.”

Concept / Approach:
Combine the chains by aligning the common elements. From both, Spot is between King and Sugar, and Ralph is above Spot but still below Sugar. Therefore, Ralph is above King.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) From chain 1: K < Spt < Sug.2) From chain 2: Spt < Rlf < Sug.3) Merge: K < Spt < Rlf < Sug.4) Compare King vs. Ralph: K < Rlf ⇒ the statement “King is bigger than Ralph” is False.

Verification / Alternative check:
Assign sample sizes: King 10, Spot 12, Ralph 13, Sugar 15. All premises hold and the conclusion is clearly false.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• True: Opposite of what the merged order shows.
• Uncertain: The order is fully determined; no ambiguity remains.
• Both true and false: Not applicable in a strict ordering.

Common Pitfalls:
Misreading any inequality or forgetting to integrate both chains around the common element Spot.

Final Answer:
False