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At a socket-and-spigot joint used for pressure pipes, which of the following statements are correct?

Difficulty: Easy

The enlarged end is called the socket.
The normal plain end is called the spigot.
The spigot is inserted into the socket to make the joint.
Molten lead (or equivalent sealing compound) is used to ensure a watertight joint.
All of the above

Correct Answer: All of the above

Explanation:

Introduction / Context:
Socket-and-spigot joints are traditional means of joining cast iron and similar pressure pipes. Proper terminology and sealing practices are important to achieve durable watertight connections in water supply systems.

Given Data / Assumptions:

Pipe joint type: socket (bell) and spigot (plain) end.
Sealing material: historically lead and yarn; modern equivalents include elastomeric gaskets.
Application: pressurized water conveyance.

Concept / Approach:
Understanding joint geometry and assembly steps clarifies how axial tolerance and angular deflection are accommodated while maintaining watertightness.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Identify parts: enlarged bell = socket; plain end = spigot.Assembly: insert spigot into socket with packing/gasket.Sealing: traditionally molten lead poured and caulked to seal; modern joints often use rubber rings.

Verification / Alternative check:
Field manuals and manufacturer data sheets consistently use the same terminology and describe similar installation steps for these joint types.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Each of a–d states a true aspect of the socket-and-spigot joint; hence the comprehensive correct choice is “All of the above”.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing bell-and-spigot with flanged joints; overlooking modern gasketed push-on joints which no longer use molten lead but embody the same geometric terminology.

At a socket-and-spigot joint used for pressure pipes, which of the following statements are correct?

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