Choose the most reasonable socio-economic causal chain, starting from demographic pressure and ending in outcomes. (i) Poverty (ii) Population (iii) Death (iv) Unemployment (v) Disease
-
A(iii), (iv), (ii), (v), (i)
-
B(ii), (iv), (i), (v), (iii)
-
C(ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (i)
-
D(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
-
E(ii), (v), (i), (iv), (iii)
Answer
Correct Answer: (ii), (iv), (i), (v), (iii)
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Logical chain questions in social studies ask for a plausible cause→effect progression. While real systems are complex, we select the most defensible linear path.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Population growth increases job competition.
- Unemployment contributes to poverty.
- Poverty correlates with disease due to poor living conditions.
- Severe disease burdens elevate mortality risk.
Concept / Approach:Prioritize causal plausibility: upstream demographic pressure, followed by economic effect, then health outcomes, then ultimate mortality.
Step-by-Step Solution:1) (ii) Population pressure rises.2) (iv) Unemployment increases due to job scarcity.3) (i) Poverty results from joblessness.4) (v) Disease prevalence rises with deprivation.5) (iii) Death occurs as the terminal adverse outcome.
Verification / Alternative check:Reversing any pair breaks causality (e.g., death cannot precede poverty/disease in a forward chain).
Why Other Options Are Wrong:Sequences starting with death or disease as causes invert the chain; mixing poverty before unemployment confuses cause and effect.
Common Pitfalls:Forgetting that real systems have feedback loops; here, we choose the simplest forward path as required by the item type.
Final Answer:(ii), (iv), (i), (v), (iii)