Environmental simulation in the lab — the term for a small setup that mimics a particular ecosystem is:

Introduction / Context:
Ecologists and environmental biotechnologists often use controlled, scaled-down systems to model ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling, pollutant fate, or species interactions under reproducible conditions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A “small laboratory setup” that simulates an environment is sought.
• Terms listed include process names and unrelated jargon.
• We need the standard ecological term.

Concept / Approach:

A microcosm is a miniature, simplified ecosystem used experimentally to study ecological dynamics. It contrasts with “bioremediation” (a process to clean pollutants), “rhizosecretion” (root-mediated exudation), and nonstandard/irrelevant terms like “mibridization.”

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Textbooks and reviews use “microcosm” and “mesocosm” to describe controlled ecological test systems at different scales.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Bioremediation is an application, not a model; rhizosecretion is a plant physiology term; “mibridization” is not a standard concept; chemostat is a continuous culture device for microbes, not necessarily an ecosystem simulation.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing microcosms with general microbial culture devices.

Final Answer:

Microcosm