In Indian economic policy, which of the following government schemes was launched to provide household electricity connections to poor families?

Introduction / Context:
This question checks knowledge of recent Indian government welfare schemes, particularly those aimed at improving access to basic infrastructure such as electricity. The scheme in question focuses on providing electricity connections to households that were historically left out of the power grid, especially poor families in rural and urban areas.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question is about a Union Government scheme.
• The core objective is supplying or providing electricity connections to poor households.
• Four named schemes are given as options.
• We assume that the schemes are broadly known central programmes.

Concept / Approach:
The relevant concept is matching the correct scheme name to its main objective. The “Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana – Saubhagya” was launched to ensure last-mile electricity connectivity for poor and unelectrified households. Other schemes listed in the options, such as INSPIRE, Swabhiman and Swavalamban, have completely different objectives related to science scholarships or financial inclusion and not direct household electrification.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall which scheme directly mentions electricity access in its objective. Step 2: Note that the Saubhagya scheme is formally called Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, clearly referring to providing electricity to every household. Step 3: Recognise that INSPIRE Programme is related to promoting interest in science and research, not power supply. Step 4: Remember that Swabhiman and Swavalamban were initiatives connected to financial inclusion and pension coverage. Step 5: Therefore identify Saubhagya as the only scheme whose main focus is supplying electricity connections to poor households.

Verification / Alternative check:
You can verify this by recalling news reports and official press releases around the time of the launch of Saubhagya. These described the scheme as aiming to provide free or subsidised electricity connections to all remaining unelectrified households, particularly targeting poor families. No similar description is associated with the other listed programmes, confirming that Saubhagya is the correct answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
INSPIRE Programme: This is an acronym for Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research, a scheme to encourage young students to take up science and research, not a power sector scheme.
Swabhiman: This was a financial inclusion campaign to provide basic banking services in rural areas, unrelated to electricity connections.
Swavalamban: This was a pension scheme for unorganised sector workers, dealing with social security rather than power supply to households.

Common Pitfalls:
Students often confuse schemes due to similar sounding names or because they are all launched by the same government. Another common error is assuming that any welfare sounding name like Swabhiman or Swavalamban might relate to basic amenities. A systematic approach is to always associate each scheme with its core sector: science, banking, pensions, or electricity.

Final Answer:
The correct scheme launched to supply electricity connections to poor households is Saubhagya.