River behavior types: Which combination correctly matches aggrading, degrading, and meandering rivers?

Introduction / Context:
Fluvial morphology classifies rivers by how their beds evolve and how the planform looks. Recognizing aggrading, degrading, and meandering behaviors helps in river training, hydraulic design, and sediment management.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Aggrading: river deposits exceed transport → bed rises.
• Degrading: transport exceeds supply → bed lowers.
• Meandering: planform exhibits sinuous curves due to bank erosion/deposition.

Concept / Approach:
Aggradation tends to occur where energy decreases or sediment supply increases (e.g., after slope reduction). Degradation occurs where energy rises or sediment supply drops. Meandering develops from flow curvature, secondary currents, and bank erodibility, producing alternating pools and point bars.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Check each statement against standard definitions.Aggrading builds bed (true); degrading cuts bed (true); meandering is sinuous (true).Therefore, all statements are correct.

Verification / Alternative check:
Geomorphology texts confirm these definitions, with many rivers showing mixed behavior over time, yet the given statements are canonical descriptions.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Any single choice omits the others, although all are correct.
• “None” contradicts well-established definitions.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing meandering with braided; assuming aggradation/degradation are permanent rather than reach-specific and time-dependent.

Final Answer:
All of the above.