Rail joints: At a standard rail joint, the adjoining rail ends are connected with a pair of fishplates and how many fish bolts?

Introduction / Context:
Where continuous welded rail is not provided or during temporary works, rail joints are made using fishplates and bolts. The standard number of bolts is critical for maintaining alignment, transmitting forces, and ensuring joint integrity under traffic loads.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Conventional joint with two fishplates (one on each side of the web).
• Standard mainline configuration (not a special insulated or expansion joint).

Concept / Approach:
A typical fishplated joint uses four bolts—two per fishplate—arranged to clamp the rail web securely. This provides adequate stiffness and load transfer for ordinary service conditions in jointed track sections.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Permanent-way standards and track maintenance manuals confirm four-bolt joints for most conventional applications.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• 2 bolts: Insufficient clamping for standard joints.
• 6 or 8 (or 12) bolts: Non-standard for basic joints; used only in special heavy-duty or engineered joints.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing with insulated or expansion joints which may have different patterns.

Final Answer:
4 fish bolts