Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement:
"Despite a draconian crackdown against software pirates announced by country X last year, the country remains the world's third largest market for bootleg computer programs." - A journalist
Assumptions:
I. Computer piracy is declining globally but increasing in country X.
II. A draconian crackdown against software pirates may bring the bootleggers to hell.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Global computer piracy is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, assumption I is not implicit. But assumption II is implicit. That is why the journalist uses the word 'despite' in his statement.
- 2. Statement:
"Problems with your spouse and too little time to hash things out? Online couple therapy may be for you."- An advertisement
Assumptions:
I. People may have faith in online therapy.
II. Couples on the run expect comparable results from online "chats" mediated by a professional and face-to-face therapy on a psychologist's couch.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
Why has such an advertisement been published by the advertiser? Definitely, the advertiser is assuming I. Assumption II is not implicit because it goes into details.
- 3. Statement:
"If you see any street lights on during the day, or notice pilferage of electricity, do inform us." - A notice by NDPL to common people
Assumptions:
I. Watching TV together and using one fan/cooler/AC will help conserve electricity.
II. Power generation is limited; joint efforts to conserve power would help maintain reliable supply of electricity.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Assumption I may not be implicit. It is beyond the scope of the statement due to lack of any specific clue. But assumption II seems quite plausible. That is why people's participation has been sought.
- 4. Statement:
One of the groups of militants of our organisation, which had been successful in making its way into the Indian territory, kidnapped a local resident of the area and forced him to act as a guide.
Assumptions:
I. Local residents of a particular area possess good knowledge about the path in and around the area.
II. Despite the use of force against an individual, he or she may guide properly and accurately.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Assumption I is implicit. That is why the militants kidnapped the local resident. Assumption II is also implicit. Otherwise the militants would not have faith in the resident.
- 5. Statement:
Being unable to accommodate adequate training session for the national team, country X has decided not to defend the LG Cup it won last year in the city Z.
Assumptions:
I. Without playing several matches against major soccer- playing nations, it will be futile to defend the LG Cup.
II. Underpreparedness of the team may result in failure for country X.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
The tone of the statement implies that the speaker assumes training session is necessary for the team. Hence, assumption II is implicit. But the statement does not indicate what type of training session it should be. Hence, assumption I is not implicit.
- 6. Statement:
"I want Multinational Companies (MNCs) to be out of the water business. I don't mind them in road construction or some other area." - Statement of a waterman while educating the people on the community's water right
Assumptions:
I. Water is basic to life and the community should own it.
II. The MNCs are not the prowl to by the rivers.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
Since the given statement has been made by the waterman while educating people on the community's right, the waterman must be assuming indulgence of MNCs in water business as disastrous for the people. Note that the speaker is not averse to indulgence of MNCs in road construction or some other areas. This implies water business has some special importance. Hence assumption I is implicit. Assumption II is not implicit because the indulgence of MNCs does not necessarily imply that they are going to by the rivers.
- 7. Statement:
Courier companies, led by big names are planning 25-30% hike in courier and parcel rates, as an initiative, following 67% hike in on -board courier rates by domestic airlines.
Assumptions:
I. If the courier rates were not increased, the industry would suffer huge losses which would retard its growth, leading to closure of operations.
II. The hike in courier and the parcel rates may be able to reimburse the expenses incurred due to hike in onboard courier rates by the domestic airlines.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Assumption I goes into details, therefore, it is not implicit. Again the initiative to be taken is aimed at countering the problem. Hence, II must be implicit.
- 8. Statement:
"Before you hire a domestic help, get his/her background verified through us. Your family's safety depends on this simple step." - City police
Assumptions:
I. Police verification of domestic help is an effective step in crime prevention.
II. Verification of people's domestic help's antecedents is a simple process.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
The request made by the city police to common people implies that the city police assumes that the verification of domestic help is necessary to put a tab on increasing rate of crime. Hence, I is implicit. Assumption II is also implicit. If it is a "simple step", the process involved must be simple.
- 9. Statement:
"My life has become a burden for too many people and my step of jumping off a multistoreyed housing complex will bring happiness for many people. I do not blame anyone for my act. Please let me die peacefully." - A suicide note written by a 19-year-old girl.
Assumptions:
I. Jumping off a multistoreyed housing complex will cause death.
II. Jumping off a multistoreyed housing complex is the easiest among the various way of ending lives, such as hanging, burning and consuming poison.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
The tone of the statement implies that the speaker must have assumed I. That is why she uses the words "let me die peacefuly." But the statement gives no indication about the comparison to other ways of suicide. Hence, assumption II is not implicit.
- 10. Statement:
"If we really want to reduce the menace of smoking, we need to reflect our intention through our deeds, our creations such as movies, in which incidence of smoking is show much higher than the actual cigarette consumption among the Indian population." - View of Mr X.
Assumptions:
I. There is a strong link between films and viewers' behavior.
II. Smoking show in movies results in corresponding increase in smoking among the public.
III. Menace of smoking can be reduced by proper planning followed by appropriate efforts.
Options- A. Only I
- B. Only II
- C. Only II and III
- D. Only I and III Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
How can the menace of smoking be reduced if we restrict or reduce the showing of smoking in movies? Obviously, the speaker must be assuming assumption I and II. Assumption III is also implicit. That is why the speaker stress on those deeds and creations which are conducive to reducing the menace of smoking.
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Programming
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